Where in the World is the Philippines?: Debating Its National Territory

Table of Contents

Contents Foreword vii Professor Dr Hasjim Djalal Carlos P. Romulo and the CPR Foundation xi 1. Introduction 1 2. The Colonial Legacy 5 The Coming of Spain 6 The 1898 Spain-U.S. Peace Treaty 6 Mindanao and Sulu 10 Batanes 18 The Maritime Jurisdiction 19 The 1935 Philippine Constitution 20 The Debate Continues 22 3. The Territory of an Independent Nation 26 The 1973 Philippine Constitution 26 The Baselines and the Sabah Claim 29 The 1987 Constitution 31 The Question of Internal Waters 33 Decisions Must be Made 35 4. The Claim to Sabah 39 British Moves and Philippine Arguments 40 vi Contents The Creation of Malaysia and the Philippine Response 44 Jabidah and the Baselines Amendment 51 Dropping the Philippine Claim? 54 Normalizing Philippines-Malaysia Relations 58 Pressing the Philippine Claim 60 Conclusions 61 5. The South China Sea 66 The Cloma Claim 67 The Philippine Claim 69 China’s Claim 74 Vietnam’s Claim 78 Malaysia and Brunei Darussalam 80 UNCLOS as Watershed 82 Dealing with China 84 The Declaration on the Conduct of Parties 88 The U.S. Involvement 93 The Possibility of Resolution 95 The Informal Workshops 98 Conclusion 99 6. Philippine Maritime Jurisdiction and UNCLOS 105 UNCLOS 107 Philippine “Reservations” 108 Decisions Required 112 Overlapping EEZs 114 7. What Next? 121 Index 125 About the Author 132 ...