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191 191 Notes Introduction 1. Andre Wink, Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World, 3 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1990– 2004). 2. For the political history of the Delhi Sultanate, see Peter Jackson, The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999); and Ishtiaq Husain Qureshi, The Administration of the Sultanate of Dehlī, 4th Edition (Revised) (Karachi: Pakistan Historical Society, 1958). 3. Marshall G. S. Hodgson, The Venture of Islam: Conscience and History in a World Civilization (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1974), 2:293. 4. For an encyclopedic overview of South Asian Sufism, see Sayyid Athar Abbas Rizvi, A History of Sufism in India, 2 vols. (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 1978). For more-focused studies, especially on the Sufis of the thirteenth through fifteenth centuries, see the works of K. A. Nizami, Richard Eaton, Carl Ernst, Simon Digby, Riazul Islam, Iqtidar Husain Siddiqui, Bruce Lawrence, and Paul Jackson listed in the bibliography. 5. See Zafarul Islam, “Origin and Development of Fatāwā Compilation in Medieval India,” Studies in History 12, 2 (1996): 223–241 and “Works of Legal Nature in the Reign of Firuz Shah Tughluq,” in Bias in Indian Historiography, ed. Devahuti (Delhi: Indian History and Culture Society , 1980). 6. Rizvi, A History of Sufism in India, 2:36. 7. Alexander D. Knysh, Ibn ‘Arabi in the Later Islamic Tradition (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999). 8. On Shihāb al-dīn Suhrawardī and ‘Awārif al-ma‘ārif, see Erik S. Ohlander, Sufism in an Age of Transition: ‘Umar al-Suhrawardī and the Rise of the Islamic Mystical Brotherhoods (Leiden: Brill, 2008); and Qamar-ul Huda, Striving for Divine Union: Spiritual Exercises for Suhrawardī Sūfīs (London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003). 9. On Uch, see Ahmad Nabi Khan, Uchchh, History and Architecture (Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research, 1980); and Mas‘ūd H ˙ asan Shihāb, Khit ˙ t ˙ a-yi pāk: Ūch, 3rd Edition (Bahawalpur: Urdu Academy, 1993). 10. On the genre of malfūz ˙ āt, see my article “His Master’s Voice: The Genre of Malfūz ˙ āt in South Asian Sufism,” History of Religions 44, 1 (2004): 56–69; Muh ˙ ammad Aslam, Malfūz ˙ ātī adab kī tārīkhī ahmīyat (Lahore: Idāra-yi Tah ˙ qīqāt-i Pākistān, Punjab University, 1995); S. H. Askari, Maktub and Malfuz Literature as a Source of Socio-Political History (Patna: Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library, 1981); and Carl W. Ernst, Eternal Garden: Mysticism, History and Politics at a South Asian Sufi Center (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992), 62–84. 11. On taz ˉ kiras and similar texts, see Marcia K. Hermansen, “Religious Literature and the Inscription of Identity: The Sufi Tazkira Tradition in Muslim South Asia,” The Muslim World 87, 3–4 (1997): 315–329; Marcia K. Hermansen and Bruce B. Lawrence, “Indo-Persian Tazkiras as Memorative Communications,” in Beyond Turk and Hindu: Rethinking Religious Identities in Islamicate South Asia, ed. David Gilmartin and Bruce Lawrence (Gainsville: University Press of 192 Notes to Pages 9–15 Florida, 2000); and J. A. Mojaddedi, The Biographical Tradition in Sufism: The T ˙ abaqāt Genre from al-Sulamī to Jāmī (Richmond, Surrey: Curzon Press, 2001). 12. For full information on all of these texts, their manuscripts, and publication, see Appendix B. 13. Ah ˙ mad Bahā’ b. Ya‘qūb al-Bhat ˉ t ˉ ī, Khizānat al-fawā’id al-Jalālīya (MS. 2557, Kitābkhāna-yi Dātā Ganj-bakhsh, Islamabad). Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this manuscript. 14. Sayyid ‘Alā’ al-dīn ‘Alī b. Sa‘d al-Qurayshī al-H ˙ usaynī, Khulās ˙ at al-alfāz ˙ -i jāmi‘ al-‘ulūm, ed. Ghulām Sarwar (Islamabad: Markaz-i Tah ˙ qīqāt-i Fārsī-yi Īrān ō Pākistān, 1412/1992). Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this edition. 15. Muh ˙ ammad Ghaznawī, Tuh ˙ fat al-sarā’ir (MS. 1090, Arabic and Persian. Government Oriental Manuscripts Library, Madras). Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this manuscript. 16. Sirāj al-hidāya: malfūz ˙ āt-i H ˙ usayn al-ma‘rūf bi Jalāl al-dīn Makhdūm-i jahāniyān Jahāngasht , ed. Qāżī Sajjād H ˙ usayn (New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research, 1983). Unless otherwise noted, all subsequent references are to this edition. 17. For details see Appendix B. 18. Fa...

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