Right to DREAM: Immigration Reform and America’s Future

Index

143 INDEX Alabama’s anti-immigration law Center for Business and Economic Research study, 42 cost-benefit analysis of, 42 economic impact, 41 provisions of, 41 unintended consequences, 43 America’s Evolving Values Surveys, 56–59 core values, 58 analysis using DREAMer interviews , 57–59 anti-immigration laws See Alabama’s anti-immigration law; Arizona’s anti-immigration law; Riverside, New Jersey’s anti-immigration ordinance Arizona’s anti-immigration law attrition through enforcement, 41 economic impact, 41 Immigration Policy Center study, 42 provisions of, 41 Arkansas Department of Higher Education, ix assimilation, 66–67, 69, 73, 77 defined, 66 host society concerns, 66 immigrants’ concerns, 66–67 process described, 66–67 assimilation, evidence of See intermarriage; language; residential integration; socioeconomic integration intermarriage, 75–76 language, 74–75 residential integration, 67–71 socioeconomic integration, 71–73 Cato Institute, 13, 56 coyote, 3, 33 Deciphering the City, 60 deferred action policy, 10, 81–85 compared with DREAM Act, 84–85 concerns, 83–84 DREAMers’ reaction, 81–82 Napolitano, Janet, 82 positive provisions, 83 demographic change, 49–52 anti-immigration groups, 51 Cato Institute, 50 Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), 50 nativism, 52 non-partisan groups, 52 pro-immigration groups, 51–52 Department of Homeland Security (DHS), 10 See also Deferred Action Policy Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act See DREAM Act DREAM Act beneficiaries, number of, 89–91 cost-benefit analysis, 91–93 critics, 17–18, 34, 77 economic benefits, 35, 46–47 educational outcomes, 93–94 history, ix, 7, 13–15, 17 legal context, 18 legislative history, 7, 86–87 Migration Policy Institute study, 52, 68, 89, 90 provisions, 7 public opinion, 87, 121 repealing Section 505 of IIRIRA, 86 societal benefits, 94–97 state laws, 87–89 DREAM Act, state laws arguments for, 87 California AB-540, 31 examples, 88 144 INDEx in-state tuition, 18, 88 Section 505 IIRIRA, 88 states with laws, 88–89 DREAM Act Movement, 10, 123–127 lessons from Civil Rights Movement , 123 Obama Administration, 125–126 social context, 123–124 strategy, 124–126 success, 127 United We Dream Network, 10, 123–127 DREAMers Profiled See Mendez, Juan, 101–115; Garcia, Zessna, 110–116 Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR), 13, 37 cost estimates of illegal immigration , 37 Garcia, Zessna, 110–116 arrival and early childhood, xi, 9, 101, 111–112 college experiences, 115 DREAMers, 115–116 education, 112–113 living in fear, 114 self deportation, 113 working, 113 Gearhart, G. David, ix–x, 59, 101–102, 111 Generation 1.5, 5, 85, 117 Illegal Immigrant Reform and Immigration Responsibility Act (IIRIRA), 17 impact on undocumented youth, 86 illegal immigration, 24–25 See also Alabama’s anti-immigration law; Arizona’s anti-immigration law anti-immigrant laws, 25 federal efforts, 25 flow stopped, 25 push-pull factors, 25 immigration characteristics 61–62 four waves, 61–62 fourth wave, 51 global competitiveness, 60–61 motivations for, 35 positive impact, 60–61 push-pull model, 53 third and fourth waves compared, 65–66 third wave, 65 Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), 6, 83, 123 immigration assimilation model, 53–56 behavioral assimilation, 54 charter group, 53 ethnic group, 53 impact on culture and society, 55–56 structural assimilation, 54–55 waves of, 54 Justice William J. Brennan, 18–19 education as social good, 19 Plyler v. Doe majority opinion, 18 undocumented children ruled special case, 18 See also Plyler v. Doe Massey, Douglas S., 24 Mendez, Juan, xi, 9, 101–110 See DREAMers’ profiles arrival and early years, 104–105 becoming a DREAM activist, 107 community and social networks, 106–107 earliest memories and school, 105–106 self-deportation and making a living, 106 Montgomery Bus Boycott, 121–123 social context, 121 social movements, 121 social networks, 121–122 U.S. Supreme Court ruling, 122 victory, 122 next steps, 127–129 money, people, information, and relationships, 127–129 INDEx 145 Obama Administration, 10, 25, 40, 44, 81–85, 120, 126, 125–127 announcement of Deferred Action, 81 Parks, Rosa, 121–123 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), 17 impact on undocumented youth, 86 push-pull model, 30–35, 53 barriers, 31 pull factors, 31 push factors, 31 serial migration, 34 social networks, 31 See also immigration Plyler v. Doe, 8, 9, 17–20, 26–27, 74, 85–87 Equal Protection Clause, 14th Amendment, 18 residential integration, 67–71 ethnic neighborhoods, 67–69 generational effect, 69–70 residential patterns, 70–71...