Fringe Banking: Check-Cashing Outlets, Pawnshops, and the Poor

List of Tables and Figures

List of Tables and Figures Tables 3.1 State Pawnshop Regulations: As of End 1991 3.2 Selected Pawnshop Financial Data: 1990 3.3 Regression Study of Pawnshops per Million State Residents 3.4 Maximum Check-Cashing Fees in Regulated States: As of End 1992 4.1 Selected Characteristics of Households with and without Deposit Accounts: 1989 4.2 Median Balances in Families' Deposit Accounts: 1989 5.1 Percentages of Households with Deposit Accounts of any Type 5.2 Changes in Bank Fees on Non-Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts 5.3 Changes in Bank Representation: 1970-1989 40 43 51 58 72 75 86 89 93 ix x Fringe Banking 5.4 Mean Household and Family Income, by Quintiles: 1967-1991 98 5.5 Probit Regression Study of 1977 Account Ownership 102 5.6 Predicted and Actual Percentages of Households with Deposit Accounts in 1989, by Socioeconomic Categories 104 5.7 Survey of Households without Deposit Accounts 105 Figures 2.1 Provident Loan Society Activity: 1920-1940 28 2.2 Indiana and Oregon Pawnshop Loans per Capita: 1937-1989 28 3.1 Distribution of Indiana Pawnshop Loans, by Size: 1990 45 3.2 Yellow-Page Listings of Pawnshops: 1986-1992 47 3.3 Pawnshops per Million Inhabitants, by State: As of End 1989 48 3.4 Yellow-Page Listings of Check-Cashing Outlets: 1987-1992 63 5.1 Poverty Trends: 1959-1992 100 5.2 Nonbusiness Bankruptcy Filings: 1975-1991 108 ...