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143 Notes FOREWORD 1. M. Appleby, Eating Our Future: The Environmental Impact of Industrial Animal Agriculture (London : World Society for the Protection of Animals, 2008). INTRODUCTION 1. Aristotle, Aristotle: Generation of Animals, Loeb Classical Library, trans. A. L. Peck (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1990), p. xli. 2. As a legacy from the Greek philosophers and from medieval times, it was believed that a continuous chain of creation extended from the inanimate world of nonliving matter such as earth and stones, through the animate world of plants, zoophytes, and the lowest forms of animal life, upward to the quadrupeds and eventually through humans to the realms of angels and finally to the Christian God. This belief also entailed the view that just as nothing new could be created, neither could anything be exterminated, since this would counteract the will of God. See Juliet Clutton-Brock, “Aristotle, the Scale of Nature, and Modern Attitudes to Animals,” in Humans and Other Animals, ed. Arien Mack (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1995), 5–24. 3. Jared Diamond, The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal (New York: Harper Perennial, 2006). 4. Thomas Henry Huxley, Man’s Place in Nature and Other Essays (London: Dent and Dutton, Everyman, 1911). 5. Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (London: John Murray, 1859); Charles Darwin, The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, 2nd ed. (London: John Murray, 1890). 6. Sherwood L. Washburn and C. S. Lancaster, “The Evolution of Hunting,” in Man the Hunter, ed. by Richard B. Lee and Irven Devore (Chicago: Aldine, 1968), 293–303. 7. Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding (Cambridge , Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2009). Hrdy uses the term “cooperative breeding,” but in zoology this term is restricted to animals such as termites and naked mole rats that live socially with one breeding female and a large number of “workers.” It is therefore preferable to use the term “communal breeding” for animals (for example, meerkats) and humans that share the care of their young. T. H. Clutton-Brock, personal communication with author, 30 May 2009. 8. Francis Galton, “Domestication of Animals,” in Enquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development , 2nd ed. (London: Dent and Dutton, Everyman, 1907), 173–193. 9. Galton, “Domestication of Animals,” 181. 10. 2 Samuel 12:3. 144| Notes to the Introduction 11. Galton, “Domestication of Animals,” 187. 12. X.-B. Jin and A. L. Yen, “Conservation and the Cricket Culture in China,” Journal of Insect Conservation 2 (1998): 211–216. 13. Ann Thwaite, Edmund Gosse: A Literary Landscape (Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus, 2007), 209. 14. Galton, “Domestication of Animals,” 194. 15. Darwin, Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication, 2:177–178. 16. Juliet Clutton-Brock, A Natural History of Domesticated Mammals, 2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press/Natural History Museum, 1999) 32; Juliet Clutton-Brock, “How Domestic Animals Have Shaped the Development of Human Societies,” in A Cultural History of Animals in Antiquity, ed. by Linda Kalof (New York: Berg, 2007), 71. 17. Clutton-Brock, Natural History of Domesticated Mammals, 30. 18. Ernst Mayr, Animal Species and Evolution (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap 1966), 19. 19. Achilles Gautier, “What’s in a Name?” in Skeletons in Her Cupboard: Festschrift for Juliet CluttonBrock , ed. by Anneke Clason, Sebastian Payne, and Hans-Peter Uerpmann (Oxford: Oxbow Monograph 34, 1993), 91–98. 20. International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, “Usage of 17 Specific Names Based on Wild Species Which Are Predated by or Contemporary with Those Based on Domestic Animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): Conserved,” Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 60, no. 1 (2003): 81–84; Anthea Gentry, Juliet Clutton-Brock, and Colin Groves, “The Naming of Wild Animal Species and Their Domestic Derivatives,” Journal of Archaeological Science 31 (2004): 645–651. 21. Joel Berger, Wild Horses of the Great Basin (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986). 22. Kenneth Page Oakley, Man the Toolmaker (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968). 23. Frans de Waal, The Ape and the Sushi Master: Cultural Reflections by a Primatologist (New York: Penguin Books, 2001). 24. de Waal, The Ape and the Sushi Master, 31. 25. Tim Ingold, “From Trust to Domination: An Alternative History of Human-Animal Relations,” in Animals and Human Society: Changing Perspectives, ed. by Aubrey Manning and James Serpell (New York: Routledge, 1994) 1–22; Juliet Clutton-Brock, “The Unnatural World: Behavioural Aspects of Humans and Animals in the Process...

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