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π 187 A P P E N D I X 1 Työmies Publishing Company Staff and Contributors, 1909 name born/immigrated education Aaltonen, Frank Hämeenlinna 1885/1905 Kansankoulu* Joined SDP in Finland, 1901; worked in mines in U.S.; lecturer; WFM organizer Alatalo, Kalle Puolanka 1882/1907 People’s College Attended Liminka People’s College in Finland, 1901–02; wrote for Helsingin Sanomat; SDP agitator and organizer, 1907; joined SPA, 1907; worked in American mines; wrote for Työmies and annual publications Askeli, Henry Hailuoto 1886/1901 Art school Attended Lockwood-Stoltz Art School in U.S.; joined SPA in 1907; wrote and drew comics for Työmies and other special editions Gröndahl, K. E. Eurajoki 1882/1902 Valparaiso Attended English-language courses at Valparaiso, 1907; joined SPA, 1904; worked in woods and iron mining; editor Työkansa; Työmies office manager; socialist lecturer; translator and writer Työmies 188 π appendix one Haataja, Kalle L. Paltamo 1872/1904 Oulu lyseo Worked in woods, mines, at a pharmacy, and for a newspaper; studied mathematics and geology in college; instructor and board member of Kansan Opisto (name before WPC); joined SPA, 1907; formerly an instructor at a mining college in Rolla, Mo. Hahl, Moses Liperi 1879/1886 Kansankoulu Joined SPA; worked with printing machines before coming to the TPC; noted writer of socialist press in America Hantula, Herman Lapua 1866/1889 None stated Worked as a miner and farmer in America; joined Sointula commune; after Sointula fire he left with his wife and four children to farm in the Dakotas; wrote about party news Hautamäki, Alfred Kymi 1885/1901 None stated Alternative last name Jacobson; joined workers’ movement in Finland, 1900; lectured and wrote on workers’ issues; attended Cleveland and Hancock organizational meetings; was a member of Työmies in Worcester; spent 5 years lecturing on East Coast and Midwest, including in Chicago, Ill., Quincy, Mass., Negaunee and Ironwood, Mich. Hendrickson, Mart. Kivijärvi 1872/1889 None stated One of the early Finnish socialist immigrants; editor of Työmies; lectured across the Midwest and East Coast Hiltunen, Toivo Oulu 1880/1901 Commercial school In America, first worked in Hancock; joined the Hancock Jousi; moved to Minnesota, 1902–03; migrated to Astoria, Oregon, 1903, and joined Socialist local; moved back to Hancock, 1906, and worked at TPC as a type composer, editor, and translator Holland, Selma Lohtaja 1882/1883 None stated Maiden name Jokela; joined SPA, 1908; writer for Työmies and other socialist party publications; became editor for Toveritar as Selma Jokela McCone TPC Staff and Contributors π 189 Hukkala, Emil Savonlinna 1867/Unk Kansankoulu Noted publisher, worked as a publisher in Finland for 11 years; member of the Canadian Socialist Party Jokinen, Henry Tampere 1885/1902 Kansankoulu Wrote for Kansan Lehti in Finland; wrote poetry and party news for Työmies Kainu, Matti Veteli 1883/1900 Work People’s Coll. Joined SPA, 1905; attended WPC, 1908–09; worked in mines; wrote stories and about party news and events Kankaanpää, Sak. Kannus 1879/1889 Kansan Opisto Became interested in socialism in 1904; joined SPA, 1906; wrote for Toveri and Työmies; attended Kansan Opisto before it became WPC and was a leading figure in criticism of religious instruction at Kansan Opisto Kannasto, Sanna Ylihärmä 1878/1899 None stated Joined SPA, 1905; organizer in East and Midwest, 1907; lectured throughout Canada and the U.S.; very active in FSF affairs; wrote for Työmies, Raivaaja, and Työkansa Karvonen, Juho Kuopio 1867/1904 None stated Store worker in Finland; worked 2 years at Raivaaja; joined workers’ movement in Finland, 1889, and SPA in 1906; writer for publications since 1890 Kolu, John Muola 1877/1888 English lang. school Wrote for Ashtabula, Ohio, newspaper, 1891–92; worked in Ohio coal mines; got his “schooling” during big strikes of coal regions in 1891–92; joined SPA, 1902; worked in northern Minnesota mines; lecturer, striker, and WFM organizer; wrote for Raivaaja and Työmies; instructor at WPC; and joined IWW Korpi, John Ruovesi 1884/1905 Kansankoulu + Joined workers’ movement in Finland, 1902; worked mines in America, which brought him to socialism; writer and poet; organizer in the Midwest 190 π appendix one Laukki, Leo Helsinki 1880/1907 Lyseo Editor at Raivaaja and Työmies; instructor at Work People’s College; socialist theorist; edited Kansan Lehti for 6 years in Finland; worked in Russia and Germany Leikas, Wilho Pieksämäki 1879/1904 Kansankoulu Joined Imatra League in Calumet, Mich., then the SPA; writer and...

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