The Archaeology of Regional Interaction: Religion, Warfare, and Exchange across the American Southwest and Beyond

Illustrations

vii ILLUSTRATIONS MAPS 3.1. Post–A.D. 1250 site clusters on Colorado Plateau and White Mountains 4.1. Pueblo IV settlement and district locations in Western Pueblo area 5.1. Protohistoric sites in northern Rio Grande having more than 300 ground-floor rooms 5.2. Language groups present in northern Rio Grande region during Protohistoric period 6.1. Southwest regions, subregions, key Folsom sites, and lithic material source areas 6.2. Distribution of recorded Folsom sites and isolates in New Mexico 8.1. Casas Grande (Paquimé) and other sites in northern Mexico 8.2. Results of cluster analysis illustrating Hohokam and Casas Grandes networks 11.1. Distribution of “nomads” of the Desert West who adopted sedentism following A.D. 700 12.1. The Virgin region and its areas 12.2. Site locations in Lowland Virgin area 12.3. Southern Nevada, showing uplands indicated by the 1,500 m contour and site locations 13.1. Fremont region, showing sites discussed in Chapter 13 14.1. General location of Northern Uto–Aztecan ca. 3000B.C. 14.2. General location of four Northern Uto-Aztecan language branches ca. 1000 B.C. 14.3. Possible movement of Hopic ca. 1000 B.C. to A.D. 1 14.4. Movement of Southern Numic, beginning ca. A.D. 1000 15.1. Mexico and the Southwest, showing possible corridors of interaction 16.1. Location of Homol’ovi Pueblos 18.1. Locations of modern Pueblos in northern Southwest and their linguistic and cultural affiliations 18.2. Distributions of Keresan-style medicine and clown sodalities 18.3. Distributions of dual tribal sodalities, hunting and war sodalities, and the Katsina religion 47 74 100 112 121 126 168 170 238 258 260 264 277 298 299 300 304 320 347 382 386 389 vii viii FIGURES 2.1. Example of embedded spatial and social hierarchy in regional analysis 2.2. Graphical display of network described in Tables 2.6 and 2.7 4.1. Decorated ceramic assemblages from Table Rock and Rattle snake Point Pueblos 6.1. Fennogram of similarity in tool stone source area fre quencies of Folsom points, preforms, and channel flakes among regions 6.2. Ratio of points to preforms and ratio of point bases to point tips among regions 6.3. Fennogram of similarity of point and preform assem blages in several regions 9.1. Convento site during Perros Bravos phase showing room outlines and grave locations 9.2. Box and whisker plots showing frequency of shell in graves by location at Convento site during Perros Bravos phase 12.1. Reconstructed plan of Bonelli site based on Harrington’s (1933a) dimensions and triangulations 13.1. Plan view of Baker site, dated to ca. A.D. 1250–1300 14.1. General genetic history of Northern Uto–Aztecan 15.1. Propagation model from a systemic perspective 15.2. Propagation model from an actor-based perspective 16.1. Plan view of Homol’ovi III 16.2. Plan view of Homol’ovi II 16.3. Stratigraphic profile of a Homol’ovi III kiva 17.1. Arriving with Enemyway stick 17.2. Round dance between the two camps, second night of Enemyway 17.3. Enemyway base camp 17.4. Plan of Tse Chizzi, a Chacoan-style great house and great kiva near Low Mountain, northeast Arizona 18.1. Hypothetical ritual exchange dynamics between the Eastern Keres and Northern Tewa 19.1. “Unequivocal” versus “Possible” flowers 19.2 Flowers on Mimbres Ceramics 19.3. Painted wooden ritual regalia 19.4. Kayenta Anasazi painted wooden ritual regalia Illustrations 27 35 87 129 133 134 193 197 262 283 297 321 323 348 349 351 367 368 369 375 396 415 416 417 419 ix 19.5. Kiva murals, fifteenth century 19.6. Mesoamerican flower images 20.1. Motifs found on Hohokam and Mogollon weftwrapped textiles 20.2. Central motifs of an irregular twill from Montezuma Castle, Verde Valley, Arizona 20.3. Supplementary weft on gauze fabric structure 20.4. Symmetry and distribution of a design expressed in a variety of textile structures 20.5. Interlinked fabric manta represented on Mimbres pottery 20.6. Tie-dye fabric represented in Pottery Mound kiva mural 20.7. Motif found on prehistoric textiles and historic Hopi pottery TABLES 2.1. Kinds of interaction associated with material indicators for Hohokam regional system 2.2. Kinds of interaction associated with material indicators for Chacoan regional system 2.3. Archaeological indicators for other prehistoric south western regional...