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Preface 1. Patenaude, “The New Deal and Texas,” p. 402. Chapter 1 1. Men who joined the CCC were commonly known as “enrollees” and will be referred to as such throughout this book. 2. The some six hundred thousand acres of Big Bend State Park are not included in this 1942 figure because the following year that park became a national park. The numbers cited here of forty-eight parks and sixty thousand acres do not include historical parks and monuments. 3. Holland and Hill, Youth in the CCC, p. 8. 4. Although initially named Hoover Dam, it was known during most of the 1930s as Boulder Dam. After World War II, when memories of the Great Depression had receded, Congress changed its official name to Hoover Dam. 5. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the First Session of the Seventy-Third Congress, vol. 77, pt. 1 (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1933), p. 650. 6. Robert L. Nettles, interview by Dan Utley, audio recording, July 13, 1994, Texas Archeological Research Laboratory, The University of Texas at Austin. Digitized tape and transcript reside at Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 7. Thomas Earl Jordan, interview by Scarlett Wirt, video recording, March 30, 2003, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 8. Thurman, “Curricular and Instructional Program,” p. 110. 9. George Payne, interview by Carolyn Bowles and Carolyn Vogel, video recording, March 30, 2003, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 10. Utley and Steely, Guided with a Steady Hand, p. 15. The DRT assumed responsibility for the Alamo. 11. See Cantrell and Turner, Lone Star Pasts; and Buenger, Path to a Modern South. 12. At the time Pat Neff became governor, historical parks included the Alamo, San Jacinto, Gonzales, and Washington-on-the-Brazos State Parks; Fannin (battleground) State Park and King’s State Park (Refugio); and the monuments at Acton (grave site of Davy Crockett’s second wife, Elizabeth Patton Crockett) and La Grange (grave site of those who died in the Dawson and the Mier expeditions, currently operated by TPWD as Monument Hill State Historic Site). 13. Utley and Steely, Guided with a Steady Hand, pp. 26–32. For the influential role played by the first Parks Board chairman, the dogged David E. Colp, see also Steely, Parks for Texas. 14. Steely, Parks for Texas, p. 21. 15. Jim Cox, “Civilian Conservation Corps: Fond Memories from a Time of National Hardship,” Texas Parks & Wildlife 36, no. 9 (September 1978): 2–7. Cox notes that the federal government had spent more than $1 million on the state park system; that figure is not confirmed. 16. Ben H. Proctor, “Great Depression,” in New Handbook of Texas, 3:301–309. 17. James W. Steely, “Building Texas State Parks” and “Inspired by Nature,” September 2008, draft text for TPWD’s CCC Web site, The Look of Nature. 18. James W. Steely, interview by Michelle Williams, video recording, September 8, 2008, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. Chapter 2 1. Alonzo Wassom, “State’s Park System Given Federal Help—Conservation Corps Does Improvement Work That Would Otherwise Have Cost Millions,” Dallas Morning News, December 10, 1933. Wassom gives 176 as the number of companies. 153 n ot es 154 Notes to Pages 31–68 2. Steely, Parks for Texas, chap. 1. 3. Bonham State Park and Garner State Park, although Garner was said to have to be convinced by his wife to have a park named after him. 4. Otto Pruetz, interviewer unidentified, video recording, August 28, 1997, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 5. Robert Nettles talked about his experience working at Mother Neff State Park in Utley and Steely, Guided with a Steady Hand, pp. 39–43. 6. Garner SP, State Parks Board records, TSLAC. 7. Joe James, interview by Janelle Taylor, Mark Thurman, Don Hudson, and Todd Imboden, video recording, July 1, 2003, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 8. Russell Cashion, interview by David Carleton, video recording, March 30, 2003, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 9. Lolo Baeza, interview by Janelle Taylor, video recording, June 25, 2002, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 10. Edward Dutchover, interview by Janelle Taylor, video recording, June 25, 2002, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 11. Gardner Hill, interview by Dennis Cordes, video recording, March 3, 2003, Historic Sites and Structures Program, TPWD, Austin. 12. James Garner, interview by Janelle Taylor and Diane Foshee, video recording, July 10, 2003, Historic Sites...

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