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abolitionist movements, 29 absolute vs. relative gains in war, 139–41 Adams, Henry, 215 Adams, John, 156 Adams, John Quincy, 156 Afghanistan: Russia’s cooperation on U.S. operations in, 98; Soviet invasion of, 124, 131n66; U.S. operations in, 88, 167 Africa Command, 200, 201 Albright, Madeleine, 200, 212n30 Alexander, Franz, 20 Algeria, conflict in, 86 alliances: and balance of power, 92, 141–42; and constructivist vision of future, 75; and foreign policy, 184–88; in Middle East, 125; and strategic restraint, 168–69, 211n4 Al Qaeda, 190–91, 196–97, 218 alternative energy, 171–72 Ambrose, Stephen, 221 Angell, Norman: and balance of power, 188; and constructivist theory, 3–6; on dueling, 31; on economic interdependence, 40, 41; on human nature, 216; on ideas, 25; on law of acceleration, 215; on war, 21; and World War I, 44 Angels in America (Kushner), 51 anti-terrorism policies. See terrorism and counterterrorism appeasement policies, 44–45 Argentina, nuclear program in, 102 arms races, 143 Aron, Raymond, 42 Art, Robert, 178, 212n20 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 117 atomic weapons. See nuclear proliferation authoritarianism, 196 Axelrod, Robert, 25–26, 29 Azerbaijan and Caspian Sea oil reserves, 120, 130n41 “Bahamas Problem,” 24–25 Baku–Tblisi–Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline, 120, 121 balance of power: and alliances, 141–42; alternatives to balancing, 96–97; in Caspian Sea region, 120, 121; and constructivist vision of future, 74; costs of balancing, 98–100; and foreign policy, 188–90; and internal problems, 100–101; in Middle East, 182n63; and neorealist vision of future, 69; in neorealist vision of future, 70; prediction-and-evaluation method applied to, 90–101; soft balancing, 97–98; unbalanced power explanations, 95–101 balance of threat, 141, 152n24 balking, 96 bandwagoning, 96, 142 behavioralist approaches to study of war, 144–46 Belarus and nuclear proliferation, 102 Belgium, internal conflict in, 48 Figures, notes, and tables are indicated with f, n, and t following the page number. Index 264 Index Bell, Coral, 26, 45 Bell, Daniel, 63, 83 Bennett, D. Scott, 80n34 Betts, Richard, 197 Biden, Joseph, 178 binding, 96 bipolarity, stability of, 71, 81n66 Blank, Stephen, 107n51, 119 Bloch, Ivan, 38 Bosnia, peacekeeping operations in, 107n55 Brady, Matthew, 39–40 Brazil, nuclear program in, 102 Brodie, Bernard, 149 Brooks, Stephen G., 90, 98–99 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 119, 147, 153n46 Buchanan, Pat, 169, 180n17 buck-passing, 96, 142 Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, 79n12 Burke, Edmund, 167 Burr, Aaron, 31 Bush, George W.: democratic peace theory in national security strategy of, 2; and Iraq War, 125; military spending increased by, 174; and national security strategy, 188; on preemption doctrine, 219; and war on terror, 166 Buzan, Barry, 28, 149 capabilities-based military planning, 199, 203–5 capitalism, 35n58, 196 Carr, E. H., 135 carrying capacity of Earth, 110 Carter, Jimmy, 124 Caspian Sea region, 118–22 CATO Institute, 202 Caucasus, 118–22 Cebrowski, Arthur, 198 Center for Defense Information, 94 Central African Republic, conflict in, 86 Central Asia, 118–22. See also specific countries Central Command, 201 chainganging, 96 Chassennée, Bartholomew, 217, 223n15 China: and balance of power, 100; civil war in, 48; and Diaoyu Islands, 115–16; military spending by, 91–92, 107n47, 176; and nuclear proliferation, 89, 102; oil imports by, 114–15; and Opium Wars, 37; and petroleum politics, 117; population growth in, 126; as potential great power, 70, 141; and SCO, 92 The Choice (Brzezinski), 153n46 Christensen, Thomas, 118 civil-military relations, 149 “clash of civilizations,” 2, 66–67 Clausewitz, Carl von, 30, 218 Clay, Henry, 31 climate change, 127 Clinton, Bill: democratic peace theory in national security strategy of, 2; military spending cuts by, 174 Cold War International History Project (Woodrow Wilson Center), 131n66 collective action problem of balancing, 98–100 Colombia, civil war in, 85 colonial wars, 48, 49 combatant commands (COCOMs), 199–200 “coming anarchy” vision of future, 67, 70 Committee on the Present Danger, 165 Common Sense (Paine), 156 communications technology, 39–40, 43 communism, 196 competition, means of, 8 complex interdependence, 151n15 Concert of Europe era, 47–48, 77, 145 conflict: and constructivist vision of future, 74; magnitude of, 84; prediction-andevaluation method applied to, 83–87; UN role in resolution of, 43 conflict avoidance regime, 117 constructivism: Angell’s contribution to, 5; and end of Cold War, 58; and grand strategy , 163; and human nature, 216; and liberalism , 11; and norms, 21–22, 23, 27–28; and peace, 20–21; and testable propositions , 66; vision of future, 72–76, 78t [13.59.34...

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