Index
Note: Page numbers in italics refer to figures and tables. Abu Dhabi, 68 access management, 170 Accident Analysis and Prevention, 207 Accident Survival—Airplane and Passenger Car (De Haven), 198 Acura TL, 210 advertising, 94, 98–100, 142, 153 Advertising Standards Canada, 99 Aegis Mobility, 67 After the Car (Dennis and Urry), 154 airbags: automakers’ resistance to, 180, 185–86; Canadian standards for, 203; centre, 217–18; event data recorders (EDRs), 248; frontal, 203, 216; head curtains, 216–17, 218, 223; legislation on, 189–90, 219; for lower extremities, 207; overly powerful , 205, 216; for pedestrians, 227; safety benefits of, 206; seating position and, 218; side, 193, 210, 216; under-vehicle, 238 airflow, 205 Alberta, 74, 89, 118, 169 alcohol: child fatalities and, 18; combined with drugs, 63; and driving , 50–61; interlocks, 61, 247–48; motorcycle crashes and, 46; pedestrian strikes and, 111; public transit and, 152; young drivers and, 53–54. See also under driver behaviours Alstin, Terese, 76 Alzheimer’s Society of Canada, 37 American Academy of Pediatrics, 74 American Journal of Health Promotion, 263 American Journal of Public Health, 94, 141 AM General, 207 Arizona, 132 Asbridge, Mark, 62 Association of British Insurers, 253 ASTM International, 76 Australia: car advertising guidelines, 99; crosswalks in, 131; driver licensing, 16; measures against drunk driving , 59; road safety audits, 142; road safety campaigns, 72, 96; road safety commitment, 8, 271, 272; use of speed limiters in trucks, 237; vehicle safety standards, 191, 223 Austria, 21, 143 auto-braking, 190, 244–45, 252–53. See also pedestrian detection systems in vehicles Automated Licence Plate Recognition (ALPR), 91–92, 100 n o t e s Index 335 336 i n d e x automated speed enforcement. See speed cameras Automobile Club of Italy, 141 automobile as dangerous consumer product, 179–80 automobile design: brakes, 182, 238– 39, 252; bull bars, 229–31; crumple zones, 199, 207, 208; doors, 206; headlights, 192, 225, 241–42; head restraints, 75, 205, 219–20, 241; “packaging principles,” 198–99; passenger compartment integrity, 210; pedestrian safety and, 210, 213, 224–28; rear and side guards for trucks, 211–13; rollover risk, 207, 221; roof strength, 205–6; seats, 220; windows, 223. See also airbags; seat belts automobile insurance, 22, 83, 249, 250 automobile manufacturers: advertising campaigns, 98–100; focus on in-car electronics, 243; history of, 177–78; influence on policy, 143, 178, 183, 185–86; lack of liability in crashes, 182, 219; product recalls, 194–95; regulation of, 180–95; resistance to fuel efficiency standards, 183–84; safety innovations, 8, 193, 204, 214; use of collision avoidance systems, 244–45 Automobile Manufacturers’ Association , 98 automobiles: age and condition, 81–84, 191–92, 193; electric, 153–54, 177; environmental impacts, 153–54; global growth, 2; history, 1, 103–5, 177–78; regulation of, 4, 179–96; self-driving, 44, 253–54; subsidization of, 104. See also individual vehicle types Automotive Industries Association of Canada, 82 autonomous vehicles, 44, 253–54 aviation industry, 40–41, 248 Baltimore, 104 Banff National Park, 169 Barnes, Henry, 126 Beau de Rochas, Alphonse, 177 Beccaria, Cesare, 57 Beirness, Doug, 18–19, 58 Belgium, 99, 245, 253 Benz, Carl, 177 Bergen, 125 bicycle box, 146 bicycle lanes, 147–51. See also cyclists bike sharing, 152 biometric technology, 19, 246–47 BlackBerry, 68 black boxes, 248–49 Blair, Tony, 121 Blomberg, Richard, 54 blood-alcohol concentration (BAC), 51, 53–54, 55–57, 60, 186–87, 247– 48. See also alcohol BMW, 236 Bologna, 125 Borkenstein, R.F., 53 Boulet, Julie, 99 Bradsher, Keith, 207 Brake Assist Systems (BAS), 238, 255 brakes, 81, 165–66, 182, 238–39, 252 Brazil, 153 breathalyzers, 52, 57, 59, 61, 100 British Columbia, 18, 57–59, 77, 169 British Medical Journal, 77, 87, 109, 122, 141, 274 Brubacher, Jeff, 52, 53, 62 Brumbelow, Matthew, 213 buses, 26, 86, 141, 152, 221–23, 239, 255 Bush, George W., 25 Butcher, John, 106 Cairns, Janice, 2 Calgary, 124, 127, 149, 152 Campana, Bruce, 54–55 Canada: aging population, 29; bloodalcohol concentration limit, 56; car [18.223.106.232] Project MUSE (2024-04-26 08:26 GMT) i n d e x 337 advertising guidelines, 99; commercial drivers’ work hours, 25; cost of road crashes to, 10; crash test program, 204–5; cycling rates, 143; cyclist–pedestrian crashes, 150; demerit point system, 20; driver licensing, 15, 16; drug-impairment laws, 66; drunk driving in, 59; measures against distracted driving, 70–71; number of trucks in, 24; regulation of auto industry, 180...
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