Blue and Gray Diplomacy: A History of Union and Confederate Foreign Relations

Title Page, Copyright Page

Blue & Gray Diplomacy The University of North Carolina Press Chapel Hill The Littlefield History of the Civil War Era Gary W. Gallagher and T. Michael Parrish, editors Supported by the Littlefield Fund for Southern History, University of Texas Libraries howa rd jones Blue & Gray Diplomacy A History of Union and Confederate Foreign Relations © 2010 The University of North Carolina Press All rights reserved Designed by Courtney Leigh Baker Set in Minion Pro by Rebecca Evans Manufactured in the United States of America The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. The University of North Carolina Press has been a member of the Green Press Initiative since 2003. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jones, Howard, 1940– Blue and gray diplomacy : a history of Union and Confederate foreign relations/Howard Jones.—1st ed. p. cm.—(Littlefield history of the Civil War era) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8078-3349-0 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. United States—Foreign relations—1861–1865. 2. Confederate States of America—Foreign relations. 3. United States—Foreign relations—Great Britain. 4. Great Britain—Foreign relations— United States. 5. United States—Foreign relations—France. 6. France—Foreign relations—United States. 7. Confederate States of America—Foreign relations—Great Britain. 8. Great Britain— Foreign relations—Confederate States of America. 9. Confederate States of America—Foreign relations—France. 10. France— Foreign relations—Confederate States of America. I. Title. E469.J563 2010 973.7v2—dc22 2009031564 14 13 12 11 10 5 4 3 2 1 F o r Maurice, Bob, & Frank Under the favor of Divine Providence, we hope to perpetuate the principles of our revolutionary fathers.—President Jefferson Davis, Inaugural Address, February 18, 1861 The Union of these States is perpetual. . . . Plainly, the central idea of secession, is the essence of anarchy.—President Abraham Lincoln, Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861 This page intentionally left blank ...