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Abraham 97 Aeolians 7, 47, 48, 141 Agdistis 42 Alexander the Great 6–9, 47, 197, 202, 205, 206, 209, 210, 214, 216, 220, 224, 232 Alexandria 24, 131, 237 Anatolian 6 angels 79 Antioch 8, 9, 136 Antiochus III 7, 17, 110, 142, 218 Antonius Pius 29, 41, 44, 58 Aphrodite 48, 81 Apollo 5, 48, 49, 54, 82, 125, 129 Apollonius of Tyana 8, 27, 32 Aquarius 73, 74, 75, 102 Aries/Mars 49, 67, 74, 80, 81, 100 Aristotle 32 Artemis 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 76, 127, 131, 184, 248 artisans 54, 200 Asclepius 11, 44, 48, 126–29, 140, 248, 250, 251 associations, voluntary 18, 27, 42, 46, 47, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 198, 200, 202, 226, 233, 248, 250, 251, 259, 294 Astarte 47 astrology 10, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 77, 85, 90, 91, 147 Athena 44, 81, 84, 128, 198, 201 Athens 71 athletes 49, 54, 62 Attis 44, 45, 54, 177, 184 Augustine 80 Augustus 29, 49, 52, 112, 162, 213, 217, 218, 229, 232 Aurelius (Marcus) 9, 29, 51, 58, 60, 128, 160, 161–63, 191, 246 banquets see meals baptism 135, 161, 174 Basil of Cappadocia 139 benefaction see patronage burial 141 Byzantine 11, 31, 174, 175, 176, 186, 207–8, 210, 216, 217, 219, 241, 246 Caesar 18, 32, 115, 149, 150, 152 Caesarea Maritima 3, 238, 245, 249, 252 cancer 74, 80, 102 Carthage 78 charity 11, 123–40 child 18, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 90, 94, 132 Christ see Jesus citizen 221, 222, 224–26, 231, 237 Claudius 44, 112, 232 Clement 28, 31 Collegia see associations, voluntary conflict, 12, 13, 24, 25, 35, 36, 37, 38, 142, 146 Constantine 33, 82, 123, 139, 140, 237 Constitutio Antoniniana 221, 224–26, 234 Cronus/Saturn 68 cross 175–89, 207, 248 crown 8, 33, 58, 76, 112, 117, 200 Cybele 8, 40, 41, 45, 47, 197, 199, 200–01, 206, 209, 273 David 167 Decius 36, 48 Demeter 54, 55, 63, 198, 250, 251 Diocletian 216–17, 220, 224 Dionysus 7, 43, 45, 48, 54, 57, 60, 62, 63, 76, 115, 250, 251 Domitian 112, 133, 161 donor see patronage drinking 49, 62, 203 SUBJECT INDEX  353 earthquake 6, 9, 19, 41, 44, 51, 126, 128–29, 134, 139, 174 Egypt 217, 229, 237, 238 emperor worship 8, 44, 45, 49, 50, 54, 56, 58, 107, 109, 112, 116, 117, 119, 133, 202, 235 Ephesus 8, 12, 49, 131, 132, 133–34, 138, 142, 157, 197 Eros 44, 49 Ezekiel 73, 74 eucharist 137, 178 fatalism 71 Faustina 41, 44 feasts see meals festival 49, 51, 113, 116, 203, 229, 236 food 18, 19, 62, 125, 129, 134, 138, 139, 140, 214, 223, 236, 237 funerals see burial Galen 125–26, 129 Galilee 217, 218, 219, 238 Gematria 96 Gemini 74 gentiles 28, 34, 35, 46, 96, 100, 149, 156–74, 181, 192, 193, 235, 236, 239, 241 Gnosticism 137, 159 God-fearers 34, 46, 159, 186, 246 graves 38, 61 Gregory of Nazianzus 139 guilds see associations, voluntary gymnasium 223, 226, 227, 246 Hadrian 33, 50, 58, 62, 229 harlot 104–19, see also prostitute Harvard-Cornell Sardis Expedition, 7, 31 Hathor 82 healing 123–40 Helena Augusta, 33 Hellenic, Hellenistic, Hellenism,6, 43, 88, 107–08, 113, 115, 116, 127, 129, 199, 201, 202, 214–16, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, 228, 231, 235, 238, 247 Hera/Juno 48, 76 Heracles 44, 49, 62, 76 Herod 79 Herodians 219 Hermes 44, 49, 51 highway 6, 160 Hierapolis 125 Homer 7, 49 honour / shame 49, 55, 56, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63, 111, 113, 201, 225, 226–31, 234–35, 239–40 Horus 77, 80, 81 hospitality 136 Iaso 44, 127 Ignatius 8, 33, 34, 35, 130, 136–38 imperial cult see emperor worship Ionians 7–9, 40, 141, 197, 198, 217 Isaac 97 Isis 48, 51, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 128 Izmir 8 Jacob 89, 90, 91, 94, 96, 97, Jerusalem 238, 246, 249 Jesus 32, 50, 51, 79, 83, 85, 117, 118, 137, 140, 143, 145, 149, 150–54, 163, 167–73, 151, 252 John of Damascus 71 Joseph 89, 91, 94, 96, 167 Josephus 17, 19 Judea 19, 217, 218, 238, 250, 251 Julius Caesar 112, 237 Jupiter see Zeus Justinian 219 Kore 40, 41, 44, 54 Laodicea 12, 133, 192 Law, Jewish 18, 191, 239 Leo 73, 74, 75, 80, 89...

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