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Glossary of Terms ampere a measurement of current flows cycle the number of times per second alternating current completely reverses the direction of its flow forebay reservoir from which water is taken through penstocks to the hydraulic turbines generator a machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power horsepower (hp) the rate of doing work hydraulic turbine enclosed rotary prime mover that produces mechanical power from energy given up by water flowing down kilowatt hour (kwh) unit of electric energy equivalent to one hour’s use of 1,000 watts load factor the ratio of average output to maximum output penstock a pipe for delivering water to a hydraulic turbine spillway area set aside for excess water surge tank a chamber designed to neutralize sudden changes of pressure in a flow of liquid thermoclines subsurface layers created in waterways because of differences in temperatures transformer a machine that increases or decreases alternating current voltages volt a unit of electrical pressure which makes a current flow watt electrical unit of power or rate of doing work 173 This page intentionally left blank ...

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