The Economics of Natural and Unnatural Disasters

Index

135 Index The italic letters f, n, and t following a page number indicate that the subject information of the heading is within a figure, note, or table, respectively, on that page. Double italics indicate multiple but consecutive elements. Alabama hurricanes, losses in, 19t Alaska earthquakes, economics after, 44, 66 American Community Survey, annual census estimates from, 126 Atlanta, Georgia, as Katrina-survivor destination, 93 Bombing raids, recovery from, 66 Broadcast media, tornado warnings on, 112, 115–116, 119 Building codes city government enforcement of, 26 mitigation measures and, 22, 35n5 private sector thwarted by, in disaster recovery, 5, 93 Burton, Ian, as disaster economics pioneer, 66 California earthquakes hazard awareness in, 25–26, 42, 60nn4–5 insured losses in, 13, 16t property value changes after, 56 Canadian tornadoes, hospitalizations from, 105 Carbon dioxide emissions, 4, 70–71 Caribbean Basin hurricanes, losses in, 10, 16t–17t Casualties from disasters, 10, 16t–17t, 72 fatalities and injuries included in, 105, 125–126, 127t–129t See also under specific kinds of disasters, e.g.,Earthquakes; Floods; Tornadoes Catastrophes. See Disasters CGEs. See Computable general equilibrium models Charitable organizations, high-risk areas and, 88, 90–91, 99 Charley (hurricane), 13, 16t, 19t Chicago, Illinois, commuting congestion in, 50, 61n16 Child care centers, adult-to-child ratio in, 93 Chinese earthquakes, Sichuan casualties in, 10 Churches, reestablishing community services by, 88, 98, 99 City governments coastal planning authority of, 49 land development policies by, 5, 26 (see also under specific cities, e.g., New Orleans, Louisiana) licensing and permits by, 92–93 Clean Air Act, 105 Climate debates. See Global climate change Coastal Barrier Resources Act, 49 Coastal regions, 20 climate change debate and, 69–71 definition, 35n5 population concentration in, 10, 15, 18, 96, 97t, 100n2 Coastal Zone Management Act, 49 Collisions, as man-made disasters, 14f Colombian hurricanes, losses in, 17t Colorado State University, supply shock algorithm developed by, 76, 77f, 78, 80, 80f Computable general equilibrium models (CGEs), economic response to shocks and, 74–75, 76, 78, 82 Connecticut hurricanes, losses in, 19t Corps of Engineers. See U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 136 Kern Corruption disaster relief and, 94 human behavior and, 88–89, 90, 93, 100n1 Crashes, as man-made disasters, 14f Cultural losses, post-disaster, 4, 73–74, 99 Cyber-failures, world threat of, 9–10 Cyclones, 10, 20 Dacy, Douglas C., as disaster economics pioneer, 66 Day care centers, post-Katrina, 93 Disaster economics, 65–82 historical pioneers in, 65–67 impact of, 1–5 prospective view of losses in, 71–82 (see also Regional economic response models) retrospective research on, 67–71, 82 Disaster expectations, 3–4, 15, 39–40, 62n23 changes in, and their economic effects, 43–48, 56–58 implications of, for public policy, 56–60 individual and market responses to, 41–43 insurance and external effects of, 51–56, 59–60 land use and mitigation with, 49–51, 58–59 Disaster forecasts, 15 deciding to take action or not upon, 67–70, 68f hazard management and, 4, 24–26, 46–47 Disaster mitigation, 9–34 analysis of, 4, 22–26, 94 as balance of costs and losses, 66–67 cost-effective strategies for, 6, 10, 22–24, 23t, 26 economic losses with, 79–82, 80f, 81f FEMA and national strategy for, 120 insurance and, 2, 9, 20–22, 26–29, 34n2, 91–92 land use and, 49–51, 58–59 reestablishing commerce as, 98–99, 100 Disaster recovery economic growth with, 44–45, 78–79, 79f expectations of, 96–98 facilitation of, 10, 94 market prices and controls in, 94–95 predictive pace of, 5, 65–66 private sector and, 5–6, 20, 51, 92–93, 96, 98–100 Disasters, 82 casualties/fatalities from, 6, 7, 10, 72 definitions, 39, 60n9 expected vs. unexpected, 4, 39–40 frequency of, 1–2, 3, 6, 9, 15, 70, 94, 103 types of losses in, 4, 6, 53–56, 61nn20–21, 73–74, 73t, 79f unanticipated, 48, 57–58 See also Man-made disasters; Natural disasters Doppler radar installations, 112–113, 116 Doux-Commerce Thesis, 98 Earthquakes casualties in, 10, 72 insurance nonparticipants in high-risk areas with, 51 post-, economic consequences in Alaska, 44, 66 property values and, 56 public hazard awareness of, 25–26, 42, 60nn4–5 U.S., and insured losses, 13, 16t Economic growth carbon dioxide emissions reduction and effect on, 70–71 disasters’ relationship to, 3–4, 44–48, 60nn6–7 Economic losses, 4, 6 as disaster-insured, 12–20, 12f...