Aurrera!: A Textbook for Studying Basque, Volumes 1

Chapter Five This, That, and the Other

This, That, and the Other Dialogue Liburu hau garrantzitsua da! 1. goxo: Xurga! Esnatu! 2. xurga: (hilkutxan, lotan) Zer? Nor da? 3. g: Goxo naiz. Esnatuta zaude? 4. x: Gutxi gorabehera. Larri zaude? 5. g: Bai, pixkat. Galdera bat. 6. Non dago liburu handi eta urdina? 7. x: Beno, liburu asko dago hilkutxan. 8. (liburu bat jasotzen) Liburu hau? 9. g: Ez, liburu hori ez. Liburu hori orlegia da. 10. Non dago liburu handi eta urdina? 11. x: (beste liburu bat jasotzen) Liburu hau? 12. g: Begira, liburu hori laranja da. Non dago liburu urdina? 13. x: (beste liburu bat jasotzen) A! Liburu hau! Ziur nago. 14. g: Ez, txoriburua. Liburu hori ez. Liburu hori horia da! Eta txikia. 15. Non dago liburu handi eta urdina? 16. x: Handi eta urdina? (Begiratzen. Badaude apalak hormetan.) 17. Liburu handi eta urdin bat hormako apalean dago. 18. Liburu hura? 19. g: Bai! Bai! Liburu hura! Mila esker! 20. x: Oso liburu zahar eta itsusia da. 21. g: Egia da, liburu hau oso zahar eta itsusia da. 22. Baina barruan, badaude hitz sorginduak. 23. Badaude hitz eta esaldi sorginduak. c h a p t e r f i v e 109 110 th is, th at, an d th e other 24. Hitz hauek oso boteretsuak dira. 25. Hitz hauekin, ni ere boteretsua naiz. 26. x: A! Liburu hori garrantzitsua da! 27. Beno. (Liburu lodi bat jasotzen.) Liburu lodi hau ere boteretsua da. 28. g: Zer da liburu hori? 29. x: Liburu hau hiztegia da! Liburu hau garrantzitsua da! ■ Hitz eta esaldi berriak ■ Esnatu! Wake up! esnatuta awake Esnatuta zaude? Are you awake? gutxi gorabehera more or less larri upset liburu book urdin blue asko a lot, many jasotzen lifting laranja orange ziur sure, certain ziur nago I’m sure, I’m sure of it begiratzen looking apal shelf horma wall hormako apalean wall shelf hura that over there [farther away than hori] mila esker thanks a lot (lit.: a thousand thanks) barruan inside hitz word sorgindu enchanted (by witchcraft) esaldi phrase demon stratives 111 hitz eta esaldi sorginduak enchanted words and phrases hauek these boteretsu powerful hauekin with these lodi thick, fat hiztegi dictionary, vocabulary list activity 5.1 ■ vocabulary Read the dialogue aloud several times until you are confident that you understand what you are saying. Remember, the English equivalents can always be found at the end of the chapter. Spend at least thirty minutes a day drilling new vocabulary words. Always practice two ways, orally and by writing the words several times. ■ Demonstratives—this one, that one, and that one over there ■ Look at the dialogue between Goxo and Xurga again. See how they banter back and forth? One uses hau (this), the other replies with hori (that), and so on. 8. xurga: (liburu bat jasotzen) Liburu hau? 9. goxo: Ez, liburu hori ez. Liburu hori orlegia da. 10. Non dago liburu handi eta urdina? 11. x: (beste liburu bat jasotzen) Liburu hau? 12. g: Begira, liburu hori laranja da. Non dago liburu urdina? 13. x: (beste liburu bat jasotzen) A! Liburu hau! Ziur nago. 14. g: Ez, txoriburua. Liburu hori ez. Liburu hori horia da! The last bit is a reminder that hori can mean both that and yellow. The demonstratives in the dialogue are being used with nouns as modifiers. When they are used to modify nouns (or phrases), they follow the noun. When used to modify a string of words, they are the last item in the string. They can also be used all by themselves, as pronouns. We’ve seen hau, hori, and haiek in our vocabulary lists already. Haiek can 112 th is, th at, an d th e other mean both those over there and they. The following are the nominative forms of the demonstratives. Singular Plural hau hauek hori horiek hura haiek Pronunciation Note Hau rhymes with COW, and hauek sounds like OW-ekk. Hori sounds like OH-dee, but horiek sounds like OY-yekk. Hura sounds like OO-da, but haiek sounds like EYEyekk . In the approximate pronunciations shown above, the final -ks are doubled for a reason. In English, final -ks are almost lost. Say the word back out loud.The final -k is barely there, because it has almost no air behind it. Now say back out. Did you notice that the intervocalic (between vowels) k- sound in back out is more evident ? It has more air behind...