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Index Able, Bub, 162 Aboriginal agricultural fields (old fields), 69, 353n. 110 Aboriginal earthworks, 69-70, 353n. 112 Aboriginal landscape, perceptions of, 68-70 Ada, Mich., 69, 119, 124; as nucleated settlement, 206 adjustments to frontier life, 139-40, 373n. 55 Adrian, Mich., 8, 10,64, 119, 136, 176,228,229, 230,244,250,278,285,286,296, 395n. 31, 36, 398n. 41; as central place, 300, 302, 303, 304; as frontier town, 203, 205, 209, 210, 396n. 36; as nucleated settlement, 201 agricultural colonization, 1-2, 4-6, 23 agricultural experimentation, 254-55, 418nn. 57, 61 agricultural journals, 256 agricultural improvement, 252-57 agricultural innovations, dissemination of, 255-57 agricultural land quality, in Michigan, 46-52 agricultural societies, 255 agricultural technology, 257-62 Alban~N.y.,53,129 Albion, Mich., 107, 135; as nucleated settlement, 9, 402n. 48; as secondary settlement, 300, 305 Algonac, Mich.: as nucleated settlement, 209, 211; as secondary settlement, 300, 304 Alcott, Sidney S., 275, 276 Allcott, William, 275 Allegan, Mich., 227, 265, 400n. 44; as secondary market center, 206, 208, 209, 211 Allen, Rev. Ira, 135 Allen, John, 271 Allen, Jonas, 276 Allen, Sarah, 134 Almont, Mich.: as secondary settlement, 300, 310 Alphadelphia Association, 150 501 Alphadelphia Phalanx, 150 Amboy, Lansing & Traverse Bay Railroad, 286, 435n. 12 American Fur Company, 86 American Land Company, 115 American Revolution, 17, 18,21, 23, 81, 91, 121, 245 Andrews, Thomas, 74 Ann Arbor, Mich., 8, 10,74,94, 128-29, 171, 174, 182, 187, 196, 230,252,271, 296, 394n. 29, 398n. 41, 402n. 48; as central place, 300, 302-3, 304, 308; as frontier town, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 210, 396n. 35, 398n.41 apples, 248-49 Argentine, Mich.: as semi-nucleated settlement, 401n.46 Arnold, Hiram, 128 Atlantic trade, 28-29, 341n. 54 Auburn, Mich.: as nucleated settlement, 202, 209, 211 Baptists, 138 Bachelder, James, 131 Bachelder, Sylvanus, 104-5, 120, 131, 134, 161 Bagg, Malancthon, 120 Baker, William, 239 Ball, John, 105, 125, 178 Baltimore, Md., 28 Bang, Alanson, 175 Bank Act of 1863, 311 bank drafts, 273-74, 275, 424n. 25 bank notes, 269, 272-74 Bank of Michigan, 271 banking, 269-71, 311, 442n. 2 Barber, Edward w., 65,105,131,163 barley, 236, 247 S02 WEST TO FAR MICHIGAN Bates, George c., 111, 118, 170 Bath Twp., Clinton Co., 104-5, 120, 134, 161 Battle Creek, Mich., 88, 136, 138, 230, 290; as central place, 300, 305, 306, 307, 308; as nucleated settlement, 205, 208, 209, 211, 214, 399n. 42; as secondary market center, 209, 211; as seminucleated settlement, 204 Baur, Emil, 150 Baxter, Albert, 116 Bay City, Mich.: as secondary settlement, 300, 309-lO,436n.19 beer, 243, 247 Beers, Joseph, 116 Bell, Patrick, 259 Bellevue, Mich., 69; as nucleated settlement, 9, 206, 209,210, 400n. 44; as secondary market center, 209,210 Benton Twp, Eaton Co., 117 Berrien, John M., 228 Bertrand, Mich., 101 Biddle, John, 57, 77 bills of exchange, 274-75 Biotic provinces, of Michigan, 44-46 Birney, Edward, 137 Birney, James, 137 Black Hawk War, 87 blacks: immigration and settlement in Michigan, 133,135-36 Black River, of Ottawa Co., 148, 149, 174 Black River, of St. Clair Co., 69, 224 Black Rock, N.Y., 24 Black Swamp, of Ohio, 25, 170,218 Bliss, George, 278 Blois, John T., 60, 67,106,131,208 boards of trade, 280 Boston, Mass., 28, 273, 279 Boston & Albany Railroad, 278 Bradley, Mich.: as secondary settlement, 300, 307, 440n.25 Bradley, Cyrus P., 140 Brainard, Alvah, lIS, 128, 131, 136, ISS, 176, 177 Bridgeport Twp, Genesee Co., 69 Brighton, Mich., 174 Bronson (Kalamazoo), Mich., 118 Bronson, Arthur, 251 Bronson, Titus, 118, 119, 121 Brooklyn, Mich., 277; as semi-nucleated settlement ,400n.43,402n.48 broom corn, 238 Brown, E. Lakin, 120 Brown, Matthew, 109 Brownell, Thaddeus, 89 Brownstown, Mich., 85, 87 Buchanan, Mich.: as secondary settlement, 300, 306 buckwheat, 236 Buffalo, N.Y., 24, 218, 223, 225, 226, 232, 233, 243, 276,279,280,281 Bump, Harvey, 120 Burton Twp, Genesee Co., 239 Butler, Charles, 278 Byron, Mich.: as semi-nucleated settlement, 204, 398n.39,403n.50 canals, 220-22, 406n. 9, 407n. 13, 409-lOn. 35 Calvin Twp., Cass Co., 135-36 Cambridge Twp., Lenawee Co., 274 Campau, Louis, 119 Canadian Patriotic War, 132-33, 370n. 25 Capitalism,S, 28, 167-68, 383n. 59 Carrohon, Mich.: as semi-nucleated settlement, 401n.46 cartography, of Michigan, 21, 35, 337-38n. 33 cash: role in frontier economy, ISS-56, 168...

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