Company Towns in the Americas: Landscape, Power, and Working-Class Communities

Index

233 index Amazon: population of, in racial theories , 95–96; rubber plantations in, x, 28, 92, 94, 97, 105 Americas, the, 1, 93; company towns in, 11, 15–16, 111, 179, 184, 192, 194, 209; historiography of, x–xi, 6–8, 10–11; history of, 1, 3–5; scholarship on company towns in, 7–10 Anaconda, Mont.: local community in, 166, 169; Mine Mill local at, 165–68; women’s auxiliary in, 165; women workers in, 168–69 Anaconda Copper Company, x, 3, 14, 176n29; in Chile, 178–80, 184–86, 187; company towns of, 180, 187–93; and modernization of production, 184–86; in Montana, 160, 167–68 anarchism: in Argentina, 200–203; in Santos, Brazil, 68, 81 Andes Copper Company, 178, 180, 183; company town model of, 178, 180–83; and El Salvador, 179, 187–93; nationalization of, 194; Potrerillos mine of, 178, 180–84, 186; social assistance programs of, 190–91 anticommunism: in Canada, 14, 161, 165; at Fordlândia, 103; and Orlich scandal, 163; targeting Mine Mill, 161–64, 172; in United States, 14, 161, 165; in Volta Redonda, 139, 140, 144, 149 architecture, ix, 26–27, 30–32, 34, 125, 182–83, 187, 194 Arizona: copper mining strike, 170–71; Magna Copper in, 3; women, 169; Women’s Auxiliary Convention, 164 Atacama (Chile): company towns in, 179–95; desert, 4, 181; mining in, x, 181, 183; nitrate fields in, 179–80; province of, 182 Belterra: as civilizing project, 94, 104–6; and Fordism, 104; labor recruitment at, 103; modeled on midwestern town, 105; move to, 103–4; and rubber cultivation , 105; schools at, 104–5 Boulder City, Nev., 3, 116, 122–24, 129 Brasília, 187 Brazilian Labor Party (Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro; ptb), 148–49 caboclo, 99 capitalism, industrial: in Americas, x, 16; and company towns, 2, 6, 12, 29–30; cycles of, 152–53; frontier of, 4–5; geography of, ix, 22–23, 26, 28–29, 102; global, 12, 15–16, 26, 152; national, x, 62, 138, 150; as shaping landscapes, 24; and social welfare, 3; spatial structure of, 23–26, 28–29; spread of, 2–3 Catholic Church, in Brazil: and labor laws, 138, 140; and lay movement, 139–40, 146–47, 150; and Liberation Theology, 152; and military coup (1964), 150–51; relations of, with Vargas government, 138–39; social doctrine of, 138–39, 149–52; and workers ’ circles, 140–42, 151 234 • index cds. See Companhia Docas de Santos children: and Catholicism, 144; and child-care centers, 212; and child labor, 200; in El Salvador, Chile, 190–91, 194, 200; as future workers, 104, 106, 194, 200; and health care, 191; and play, 126; raising, 168–69; school, 58–60, 104–5; and strikes, 83, 163; and summer camps, 194; in Sunflower Village, 112–13, 119, 126–30. See also schools Chile Exploration Company. See Chuquicamata, Chile Chile’s Economic Development Agency (Corporación de Fomento de la Producción; corfo), 211 Chuquicamata, Chile: as company town, 178, 180–81, 194; as mine, 180, 185; Sulphide Plant at, 185; women in, 173n6 ciam (International Congress of Modern Architecture), 187 cidosa. See Compañía Industrial de Orizaba S.A. civil rights legislation, and women, 177n41 civsa. See Compañía Industrial Veracruzana S.A Cocolapan textile mill, 47, 53, 57 codelco (Corporación Nacional del Cobre), 195 cold war: gender ideologies of, 14, 162–63; and labor movement in Canada, 161, 165; and labor movement in United States, 14, 161, 165; and labor relations in Chile, 184; propaganda, 165; protests against, 162, 172, 176n29 communism: in Argentina, 203; in Chile, 192, 203; and Diego Rivera, 94; and Fordlândia, 103; and Khmer Rouge, Cambodia, 35; and revolutionary landscapes, 35–36; in Santos, Brazil, 68, 78–79, 81–83; and Soviet Union, 35–36 Communist Party of Brazil (Partido Comunista do Brasil; pcb), 79 Companhia Docas de Santos (cds): labor relations at, 72, 74, 77–80; and monopoly, 68, 72–73; power of, over Santos, 69, 73; and privatization, 85; strikes at, 73–74; tax exemptions of, 72 Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (csn): cooperation of, with police, 136, 145; creation of, 134; Department for Social Assistance of, 135, 142–43; financial crisis at, 147–48; labor relations at, 142–43, 145, 147, 150; and national development of Brazil, role in, 137, 147–48; paternalism, 136–37, 141–42, 147–48, 151; relations of, with Catholic church, 136–37, 139–44, 150; and social control, 135–36, 142–43 Compañía Industrial de Orizaba S...