Native American Legends of the Southeast: Tales from the Natchez, Caddo, Biloxi, Chickasaw, and Other Nations

Notes

• NurES • Frontispiece Map ofapproximate locations "at the time ofcontact." That means that the Timucua location, for example, is 1540, while the Mandan area is as of 1750. Adapted from Driver 1961. Chapter 1. Preliminary Reflections 1. Hudson 1976. 2. Mooney 1900; Swanton 1929. 3. Hudson 1976. 4. Haas 1947. 5. Thompson 1929. 6. Aarne and Thompson 1958. 7. Thompson 1956-60. Chapter 2. The Native American Southeast 1. Phillips and Brown 1984. 2. Thggle 1973. 3. Speck 1934:x. 4. Swanton 1911:357. 5. Gatschet 1884. 6. Gatschet 1893. 7. Dorsey and Swanton 1912. 8. Dorsey 1893b:48. 9. Dorsey and Swanton 1911. 10. Mooney 1900. 11. Dorsey 1905:5. 12. Dorsey 1904b, 1904c, 1904d, 1905, 1906. 13. Speck 1907:103. 14. Speck 1909:5. 15. Swanton 1907:285. 16. Bushnell 1909:29f. 17. Bushnell 1910. 18. Swanton 1911, 1913, 1922, 19283, 1928b, 1931. 19. Swanton 1929. 20. Martin 1977:x. 21. Swanton 1929:1. 22. Swanton 1917. 23. Speck 1934:x. 24. Speck 1934:x. See Swanton 1918. 25. Speck 1934:xi. 26. Kilpatrick and Kilpatrick 1966:385. 27. Wagner 1931:viii. 28. Martin 1977:x. 29. Densmore 1937; Martin 1977:x. 30. Haas 1947:404. 31. Haas 1947:403f. 32. Howard 1959. 33. Lombardi 1984. 34. Le Page DuPratz (Histoire de La Louisiane 2:313) in Swanton 1911. 35. Swanton 1911:171. 36. Swanton 19283:367. 37. Milfort (Memoire 470 in Swanton 19283:455. 245 38. Mooney 1900:229f. 39. Radin 1945. 40. Dorsey 1895:131. 41. Hodgson 1823:278. 42. Bushnell 1910. 43. Swanton 1928a:521. 44. Swanton 1928a:63. 45. Swanton 1929: 1. 46. Dorsey 1889:190. 47. Dorsey 1888:120. 48. Chamberlain 1891: 195. 49. Bergen 1896:54. 50. Swanton 1928a:49O. 51. Dorsey 1904d:xxiif. 52. Mooney 1900:229f, 232. 53. Speck 1909: 138. 54. Swanton 1928d:491. 55. Hultkrantz 1981. 56. Walker 1983; Swanton 1928a:487. Chapter 3. The Above World 1. Witthoft and Hunter 1957. 2. Waring and Holder 1945; Howard 1968; Swanton 1928c. 3. Swanton 1928c; Haas 1942. 4. Engraving of the Timucua solar worship by Theodore DeBry in 1591, after leMoyne. "Solemnities at Consecrating the Skin ofa Stag to the Sun." Fundaburk 1958: Engraving 35. 5. Swanton 1911. 6. Several incidents ofsuch "retainer sacrifices" were observed among the Natchez by the French. 7. DuPratz (Histoire de La Louisiane II:34Of), quoted in Swanton 1911:17lf. 8. Gatschet 1893:281. 9. Swanton 1929:84. 10. Haas 1942:531. For the full text in Thnica, see Haas 1950:20-23. 11. Many Native American groups had linguistic ways of indicating when they were speaking of a given animal and when they were referring to the "type" animal of a species in the primlll times before the present order. Early collectors adopted a convention to express this difference, so that an "otter" is not quite the same as the ')\ncient of Otters." 12. Dorsey and Swanton 1912:11Of. 13. Swanton 1911 :357; letter from Martin Duralde to William Dunbar, ca. 1810. 14. Mooney 1900:252ff. 15. Mooney 1900:256f. 16. Thompson 1929:273f. 17. Dorsey and Swanton 1912: 112. 18. White-Bread to G.A. Dorsey, 1903-05, one of530 Caddo remaining in 1903, in western Oklahoma. Dorsey 1905:7-13. 19. Swanton 1929: 123. 20. Mooney 1900:24Off. 21. Drawings adapted from Phillips and Brown 1984: PI. 246. These spider gorgets (left to right) were found in: Union County, lliinois; Perry County, Missouri; Madison County, lliinois; and Fulton County, Illinois. Others are known from as far away as Florida. 246 22. Swanton 1929:102f; equivalents are Swanton 1929: Hitchiti 25, Koasati 53, Creek 43 and 44, and )uchi 144. 23. Benjamin Paul to Swanton, in Swanton 191 :358. 24. Swanton 1929:122. 25. Mooney and Olbrechts 1932:24; Hudson 1976. 26. Cross and sun circles on shell gorgets. The cross stands for fire and was figured in the Creek four-log ceremonial fire, while the circles and scallops represent the sun. Left to right: Stallings Island, Georgia; Moundville and Limestone Counties, Alabama. Adapted from Fundaburk and Foreman 1957: Plates 32, 41, and 43. 27. This appears to be an inventory ofthe paraphernalia involved in ritual smoking. 28. From prehistoric times on, both ceramic and stone pipes were made in effigy form. Several frog pipes have been found in various archaeological contexts. See Fundaburk and Foreman 1957: 103. 29. This is, ofcourse, a post-European substitution or addition. The original furm...