Archaeology of Minnesota: The Prehistory of the Upper Mississippi River Region

Index

255 inDeX Accault, Michel, 171 Adams, 161 Agassiz, Glacial Lake, 21–23, 25, 28, 38, 72, 73, 82 Agate Basin, 56 Aitkin, Glacial Lake, 25, 56 Aitkin County, 25, 115 Alex, Lynn, 152 Alexandria Moraine, 25 Altern mound, 183 Anderson, 98 Anderson Mound, 116 Anfinson, Scott, 21, 76, 81, 102, 138 Anoka County, 26, 96–97 Anoka Sand Plain, 63, 99 archaeological periods, 5, 6. See also specific periods archaeological records: classification methods, 2–5. See also specific records archaeological resource regions: map, 22. See also specific regions Archaic assemblages, 37, 65, 98. See also Early Holocene period; Late Archaic period; Late Holocene period; Middle Archaic period; Middle Holocene period Archaic Old Copper, 124 Arthur site, 102–3, 156 artifacts: associating with communities, 2; dating of, 5; defined, 1 Arvilla complex, 183–85 Arzigian, Constance, 122, 152 aspect: as trait, 2 assemblages: classification of, 73; defined, 3; distinguishing characteristics, 65, 220n8; and movement, 4. See also ceramics; tools; specific locations; periods axes, 80 Azatlan site, 176 Babbitt, Frances Eliza, 62–63 Baerreis, David A., 177 Bakken, Kent, 115, 183 bands: characteristics of, 8, 9 Bartron, 161, 169 base: as trait, 2 Basswood Shores site, 196 Becker County, 25, 26, 84 Belle Creek, 161 Beltrami County, 24, 25, 119 Bemidji Lake, 25 Bemis Moraine, 27 Benn, David, 100, 145–46 Benton, Lake, 102, 147–51, 156–57 Benton County, 26, 115 Berscheid site, 183 Big Bay Creek, 118 Big Bog, 23–24 Big Fork River, 15, 24, 126 Big Rice site, 132 Big Slough site, 103, 156 Big Stone County, 27 Big Stone Lake, 56, 167 Big Stone phase, 167 Big Stone Shady Dell site: map, 169 Big Woods, 26, 28, 73 Binford, Lewis, 7, 109–12, 128, 152; approach to social systems, 10–11, 12, 31, 198, 204; Created by eileen Quam 256 indeX Terrestrial Model, 11, 57, 58, 85–88, 106–10, 112, 174 biotic provinces of Minnesota, 18–21; defined, 18; map, 19. See also specific biotic provinces Birch Lake, 146 Bird Lake, 192–93 Black Brook, 114–16, 119, 129–30 Blackduck complex, 122, 126, 127, 185, 187–89, 190, 192, 198 Blue Earth County, 27, 142, 153, 156, 173 Blue Earth phase, 169–70 Blue Earth River, 15, 28, 96, 148, 150, 169–70 Bodley, John, 7–8, 205–7, 209, 210, 231n2 border lakes, 16, 18 Border Lakes region, 24–25 boreal coniferous forest: as biotic province, 18, 20, 38–40, 60 Boszhardt, Robert (Ernie), 138, 176–77 Bradbury Brook site, 52, 55–57 Bradbury phase, 190, 195–98 Brainerd, 121–22, 131, 188 Bronson, Lake, 123, 132 Brower, J.V., 160 Brower site, 114, 116–18, 129 Brown County, 27, 84 Browns Valley, 21, 52, 55–56, 75 Bryan site, 146, 160–63, 175–76 Bryson, Reid, 12, 30, 45, 177 Buffalo Ridge, 26 burials: Archaic period, 65, 78, 84, 90, 93; Blackduck phase, 187–88; Blue Earth phase, 170; Bradbury phase, 195–96; Cambria phase, 166; cremation, 98, 99, 126, 141, 188; Great Oasis phase, 164–65; Initial Woodland period, 98–101, 114, 116–20, 122, 123, 125– 27, 129; Kathio phase, 187; Late Paleoindian period, 56–57; mounds vs. cemeteries, 172–73; Orr phase, 172–73; Silvernale phase, 160; Terminal Woodland period, 137, 139–40, 141, 147, 148, 150–51, 181–82. See also specific locations; mounds Bushnell, 190 Cahokia site, 146, 154–55, 160, 175, 207 Cambria phase, 161, 163, 165–67, 175–77 Campbell beach, 23 Cannon River, 160–62 Carlos, Lake, site, 131 Carlton County, 25, 115 Carothers, Joan, 63 Carr Lake, 122 Carver County, 27 Cass County, 25, 26, 115, 119, 192 Cass Lake site, 16, 131 Cedar Creek, 52, 55–56, 115 celts, 80, 81 cemetaries. See burials; specific cemetaries Center Creek, 169–70 central Minnesota archaeological region, 25–26 ceramics: Angelo Punctated, 142; Bird Lake, 194; Blackduck, 184, 185–86, 191, 192, 193; Brainerd, 120–22; Cambria, 165, 166, 176; Canton, 145–46; Clam River, 185; Duck Bay, 194; Grant, 145–46; Great Oasis, 142, 164, 165; Havana-Hopewell, 96–97, 99; Headwaters region, 131; of hunter-gatherers, 109; Kathio, 185; Lake Benton, 147–48; La Moille, 94–95; Lane Farm, 139; Laurel, 123–25, 133, 193, 222n33, 223nn35–36; Madison, 141–42; Malmo, 114, 115, 119, 129, 182, 221n4; Onamia, 182–83; Oneota/Ogechie, 167, 169, 171–72, 176, 189–90, 195, 201, 230n56; pictured, 95, 97, 101, 103, 115, 121, 125, 139, 141–42, 145, 148, 161, 164, 166, 169, 182, 186, 189–90...