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113 NOTES INTRODUCTION 1 Katherine Hayles, “Two Voices, One Channel: Equivocation in Michael Serres,” SubStance 17, no. 3, iss. 57 (1988): 3–12 at 3. 2 See John Guillory, “Genesis of the Media Concept,” Critical Inquiry 36, no. 2 (Winter 2010): 321–62. 3 Alan Liu, “Imagining the New Media Encounter,” in A Companion to Digital Literary Studies, ed. Susan Schreibman and Ray Siemens (Oxford : Blackwell, 2008), 3–25; see http://www.digitalhumanities.org/ companionDLS. 4 See James Gleick, The Information: A History, a Theory, a Flood (New York: Pantheon, 2011). 5 Mark Poster, The Mode of Information: Poststructuralism and Social Context (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), 20; and Mark Poster, Information Please: Culture and Politics in the Age of Digital Machines (Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2006). Also Max Bense, “Philosophie der Technik,” Physikalische Blätter 10 (1954): 481–85; Peter Rechenberg, “Zum Informationsbegriff der Informationstheorie,” Informatik-Spektrum 26, no. 5 (October 2003): 317–26; and Werner Meyer-Eppler, Grundlagen und Anwendungen der Informationstheorie (Berlin: Springer, 1969). 6 Warren Weaver, “Recent Contributions to the Mathematical Theory of Communication,” in The Mathematical Theory of Communication (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1949), 9. 7 Bruce Clark, “Information,” in Critical Terms for Media Studies, ed. W. J. T. Mitchell and M. B. N. Hansen, 157–71 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010), 164. 8 See W. Ross Ashby, An Introduction to Cybernetics (London: Chapman & Hall, 1956). Also Katherine Hayles, “Designs on the Body: Norbert Wiener, Cybernetics, and the Play of Metaphor,” History of the Human 114 NOTES TO INTRODUCTION Sciences 3, no. 2 (1990): 211–28; and Erkki Huhtamo, “From Cybernation to Interaction: A Contribution to an Archaeology of Interactivity,” in The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media, ed. Peter Lunenfeld, 96–110, 250–52 (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1999). 9 Jacques Lacan, “Psychanalyse et Cybernétique, ou de la Nature du Langage,” in Le Seminaire, Livre II: Le Moi dans la Théorie de Freud et dans la Technique de la Psychanalyse, 339–54 (Paris: Seuil, 1978). It is a jarring omission to see no recognition for a couple decades of American theorists writing about Lacan’s take on cybernetics in Lydia H. Liu, “The Cybernetic Unconscious: Rethinking Lacan, Poe, and French Theory,” Critical Inquiry 36, no. 2 (Winter 2010): 288–320. 10 Jacques Derrida, Of Grammatology (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976), 9 and 84, respectively. 11 Hermann Schmidt, Denkschrift zur Gründung eines Instituts für Regelungstechnik (Berlin: VDI, 1941); see Helmar Frank, Kybernetische Analysen subjektiver Sachverhalte (Quickborn bei Hamburg, Germany: Schnelle, 1964), 45ff. 12 François Jacob, The Logic of Life (New York: Pantheon, 1973), 1–2. See Eugene Thacker, Biomedia (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2004). 13 Michel Foucault, “Message ou Bruit?” Concours Médicale 88 (October 1966): 6285–86; repr. in Michel Foucault, Dits et Ecrits I (Paris: Gallimard, 2001), 557–60. 14 See Martin Jay, “In the Empire of the Gaze: Foucault and the Denigration of Vision in Twentieth-Century French Thought,” in Foucault: A Critical Reader, ed. David Hoy, 175–205 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1989); and Lauri Siisiäinen, “From the Empire of the Gaze to Noisy Bodies: Foucault,Audition and Medical Power,” Theory and Event 11, no. 1 (2008), http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theory_and_event/v011/11.1siisiainen. html. 15 John D. Peters, “Information: Notes Toward a Critical History,” Journal of Communication Inquiry 12, no. 2 (1988): 9–23. See Sascha Ott, Information : Zur Genese und Anwendung eines Begriffs (Konstanz, Germany: UVK, 2004); and Peter Janich, Was ist Information? Kritik einer Legende (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 2006). 16 Alan Turing, “Lecture to the Mathematical Society on 20 February 1947,” in The Charles Babbage Institute Reprint Series for the History of Computing , vol. 10: AM Turing’s ACE Report of 1946 and Other Papers, ed. B. E. Carpenter and R. W. Doran, 111 (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1986). [18.224.39.74] Project MUSE (2024-04-26 02:29 GMT) NOTES TO INTRODUCTION 115 17 Warren S. McCullough, “Summary of the Points of Agreement Reached in the Previous Nine Conferences on Cybernetics,” in Cybernetics: Circular Causal and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems 1946–1953, vol. 10, ed. Heinz von Foerster (New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, 1955), 75–76 (emphasis mine). 18 See Abraham Moles, ed., Epoche Atom und Automation: Enzyklopädie des technischen Jahrhunderts in zehn Bänden, vol. 6: Kommunikation, Information (Geneva, Switzerland: Kister, 1959). 19 The Nyquist programming language is the creation of Roger Dannenberg , http://www.cs.cmu...

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