Between Feminism and Islam: Human Rights and Sharia Law in Morocco

Glossary, Abbreviations, and Organizations

Arabic Terms al-‘ayn al-nissāiyya: the woman’s gaze al-dāira al-siyyāsiyya: political circle (for al-‘Adl wa-l-ihsāne; see below, under Islamist Organizations) ‘alim: theologianal-isti’sāliūn: eradicators al-jam‘iyya al-‘āma: general assembly al-kutla al-wataniyya: national block al-majlis al-thanfīdi: executive council (for al-‘Adl wa-l-ihsāne; see below, under Islamist Organizations) al-qādiriyya: a Sufi congregation al-qitā‘e al-nisai: the Women’s Section (for al-‘Adl wa-l-ihsāne; see below, under Islamist Organizations) al-sīra: prophet’s example or behavior al-usra: family al-usūliyūn: fundamentalists Amir al-Mu’minin: Commander of the Faithful dā’iyya, dā’iyyat: woman or women practicing da’wa da’wa: call or invitation of others to Islam fatwa: a religious statement fiqh: Islamic jurisprudence fuqaha: scholars of Islamic jurisprudence hadīth: prophet’s saying hijāb: veil hudud: Islamic sanctions 159 Glossary, Abbreviations, and Organizations ‘ibādāt: religious observances imām: person who leads the prayer ijtihād: renewed interpretation of the sharia istikhlāf: perpetuation of the divine order Jāmi‘at al-sahwa al-islamiyya: University of the Islamic Revival khatīb: preacher kutla: the political coalition formed by opposition parties in the Moroccan Parliament in the 1980s majlis al-irshād: the council of guidance (for al-‘Adl wa-l-ihsāne; see below, under Islamist Organizations) majlis al-shūrā: consultative council makhzen: central government power in Morocco, the state mālikī fiqh: one of the four schools of interpretation of the sharia followed in the Maghreb maqāsid al-sharia: the objectives or essence of the sharia, defined as a quest for justice and search for virtue mawadda: affection mu‘amalāt: social transactions mudawwana: family code muhaddithūn: reciters of the prophet’s sayings murāja‘āt: revision mut‘a: alimony rights for women after divorce mutabarrija: nonveiled, on display qadiyyat al-mar’a: the woman’s question qiwāma: men as the providers rahma: compassion rashidūn: rightly guided rūh: spirit sahāba: male companions of the prophet sahābiyyat: female companions of the prophet Salafi: a twentieth-century school of thought shaqāiq: equal before the law sharia: corpus of interpretation of the Islamic holy sources by religious scholars shūra: Qur’anic concept requiring consultation of the base during the decisionmaking process, used in Islamist literature as an alternative to the term “democracy” sunna: prophet tradition, words and deeds tahrīr: liberation taqlīd: imitation ‘ulama: theologians and legal scholars of Islam 160 glossary, abbreviations, organiations umma: community of faith ‘urf: custom wālī: male guardian wassat: middle way wilāya: marital guardianship Abbreviations ACDI Canadian Agency for Development ADFM Association Démocratique des Femmes du Maroc (Moroccan Women’s Democratic Association) AMDF Association Marocaine pour les Droits des Femmes (Moroccan Association for Women’s Rights) CEDAW United Nations Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, also called the Copenhagen Convention CERED Demographic Center for Studies and Research on Population ESPOD Espace Point de Départ FES Friedrich Ebert Stiftung IFD Office for the Integration of Women in Development IP Istiqlal Party ISESCO Islamic Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization KAS Konrad Adenauer Stiftung LDDF La Ligue Démocratique des Droits des Femmes (Democratic League for Women’s Rights) MPCD Mouvement Populaire Constitutionnel et Démocratique MEPI Middle East Partnership Initiative NDI National Democratic Institute NPA National Plan of Action for Integrating Women in Development OADP Organisation de l’Action Démocratique Populaire (Organization for Democratic Popular Action) OMDH Organisation Marocaine des Droits de l’Homme (Moroccan Organization for Human Rights) ORWA Organization for the Renewal of Women’s Awareness PPS Partie du Progrès et du Socialisme (Party of Progress and Socialism) UAF Union de l’Action Feminine (Union of Women’s Action) UC Union Constitutionelle UNDP United Nations Development Program UNIFEM United Nations Development Fund for Women USFP Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires WID Women in Development WLUML Women Living under Muslim Laws glossary, abbreviations, organiations 161 Women’s Organizations Akhawāt al-safā: Sisters of Transparency Amal Association Démocratique des Femmes du Maroc: Moroccan Women’s Democratic Association Association Marocaine pour les Droits des Femmes: Moroccan Association for Women’s Rights Collectif 95 Maghreb Egalité Ennakhīl Espace Associatif Espace Point...