Monopoly on Wheels: Henry Ford and the Selden Automobile Patent

INDEX

Index Abbott Motor Co., 219 Aerocar Co., 171, 184 A.L.A.M. See Association o£ Licensed Automobile Manufacturers Albany, New York, 181 Allen, Walter G., 181-82 Allen-Kingston car, 181 Allison, Fred, 163, 164 A.M.C.M.A. See American Motor Car Manufacturers' Association American Automobile Co., 53 American Bicycle Co., 65 American Darracq Co., 123 American Machinist, 35 American Mors automobile company, 171 American Motor Car Manufacturers' Association: established, 171; membership , 171, 214; trade association objectives, 172; price policies, 173; and low-priced market, 175; defections and collapse, 213-14 American Projectile Co., 35, 61 American Steel and Wire Co., 88 American Telephone and Telegraph Co., 201 Anderson, John Wendell, 107-8, 110, "5 Anhut Automobile Company, 219 Apperson, Elmer, 77, 132,142 Apperson Brothers, 34 Apperson Brothers Automobile Co., 92, 97 Ardmore, Pennsylvania, 78 Arnold, Thurman: on patent law, 130 Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers: founded, 97; officers and terms of agreement, 97-99; membership , 97, 115, 123, 174, 214, 217; restrictive policy under Selden patent, 100-2, 141-43; exclusive agency clause, 102, 175-76; threats and warnings of infringement suits, 102-3, 1J 4> J ^3> and luxury market, 103, 174-75; factors in rejection of Ford's membership application, 107-8, 109, 111, 112; advertising and publicity campaign , 118-19, 216-17, 218-19; attacked by Ford Motor Co., 120-21, 193-94, 217-18; commences Ford and Panhard suits (Selden patent case), 124, 125-27; internal dissension, 167, 18687 , 210-11; and automobile shows, 169-70; Clifton named president, 170; trade association activities, 172-73, 251; pricing and production policies, 173, 213-14, 220; effect upon growth of automotive industry, 173-74, 238; campaign against Ford dealers and purchasers, 176-78, 216-19; attacked by Wanamaker, 177; supplementary infringement suits, 178, 179, 180-81, 183-84, 219-20; patent-sharing pool (Association Patents Co.), 178, 243; licenses purchasers of foreign autos, 179; blows to prestige, 184-85; reduces Selden royalty rate, 186; conciliatory attitude toward independents , 211-14; costs of Selden patent case, 239-40; disbanded, 242; and technical standardization, 250-53; Mechanical Branch, 251-53; Hartford testing laboratory, 252 Association Patents Co., 178 Astor, Hotel, 234 Autocar Co., 78, 92, 97, 99 Automobile, 126-27 Automobile Board of Trade, 243,244 Automobile Club of America, 170 Automobile Club of Vienna, 144 29I Monopoly on Wheels Automobile Forecarriage Co., 81 Automobile Magazine, 93 Automobile Manufacturers Association, 242, 247 Automobile races: Paris-to-Bordeaux, 33. 35"36 > 3^ Chicago Times-Herald, 36; New York City, 36; New York-toSeattle , 200 Automobile shows: Chicago, 56, 95, 106; New York City, 169-70, 176, 234 Automobile Topics, 117 Automotive industry: character and conditions of early, 37, 52-54, 83-85; basic patents in, 49-50, 54; U.S. production in 1900, 53; New England leadership in early, 58; contrasting goals of New England and Midwestern manufacturers, 63; gasoline automobile, leadership of, 82-83; lowprice mass market, 103-4, 188-90; factors of success in early, 109; growth, and Selden patent controversy , 237-38, 239; patents crosslicensing agreement, 242-47; patent litigation in early, 243-44; and technical standardization, 250-53 Baker, Ray Stannard: quoted, 52 Barrett, George K., 77 Barthel & Barthel, 106 Beau de Rochas, Alphonse, 19, 31 Bell System, 88, 113 Bell Telephone Co., 42, 201 Benjamin, George H., 134 Bentley, Edward M.: cross-examined by Parker, 135-37; mentioned, 155, 204, 205 Benz, Karl: motor-driven velocipede, 33, 44; mentioned, 225 Benz automobile, 220 Berliner telephone transmitter, 41, 42, 201 Belts, Frederic Henry, 97, 133 Belts, Samuel Rosseter, 133, 138, 141, 143, 147, 152, 159, 160, 167, 198-200 passim, 221,223-25 passim Belts, Belts, Sheffield & Belts, 74, 81, 99- '33 Bicycles and bicycling: influence on motor car, 35, 58, 59-60 Bleak House, Dickens, 241 Boston, Massachusetts, 68, 87, 132, 139, 201 Boullon and Walt, 13 Brady, Anlhony N., 57, 220,221 Brandon, Alexander H., 163 Braylon, George Bailey, 14 Brayton engine: patented, 14;described, 14-15, 21; in Pillsburgh and Providence iraction experiments, 20, 13940 , 228; and Selden's modificalioii of, 21-24 passim, 151, 208; in Selden palenl, 44, 45; in Winlon case, 99; crucial distinclions between Otto engine and, 228-31; menlioned, 81, 168, 201, 204, 207 Briscoe, Benjamin, 184 Brokaw, William Gould, 180 Brown, George H., 77 Budlong, Millon J., 97-98, 132, 142, 170 Buffalo, New York, 170, 174 Buffalo Gasolene Motor Co.: sued for infringement, 76-78 passim; writ of demurrer overruled, 80; settles suit...