Katrina's Imprint: Race and Vulnerability in America

INDEX

201 INDEX African American churches, 37, 69–71, 79, 88–90, 94n58 African Americans, 2–5, 45, 54n4, 194; and dead bodies, 59–67; denied entry to Gretna, 4, 81–83, 103, 188, 194; and engineering the river, 10–16, 18; and gothic homelessness, 95–99, 101–111, 112n25; and health-care system, 36–37; as homeowners, 15, 71–72, 87, 107–110, 151n8; housing patterns of, 10–12, 14–16; and jazz funerals, 69–76; and Jim Crow laws, 15, 23, 84, 87, 173, 186; in Katrina diaspora, 2, 101, 111n9, 169–171, 173–177 (see also displacement; evacuees); labor market impact on, 154–155, 160–166, 161; migration of, 73, 76, 98, 101–102; and myth of self-sufficiency, 183, 185, 187; New Orleans as icon of culture, 3, 15, 69–76, 102, 139, 151n8; and psychological trauma, 78–87, 89–90, 90–91n3; and public- vs. private-sector preparedness, 138–140; resilience of, 71, 79, 87–89, 94n58; segregation of, 14–15, 22–24, 46, 82–85, 87, 90–91n3, 99, 154, 173–176, 186; small businesses of, 138–140; social networks of, 15–16, 73, 79–80, 88–89, 140, 174–175; spirituality of, 87–89, 94n58; stereotyping of, 25, 80–81, 87, 96, 98–99, 103, 105, 110; and transportation system, 22–30. See also Middle Passage; slavery African diaspora of slavery, 2, 90–91n3 African religions, 60, 65, 94n58 After the Storm (Troutt), 183 AIDS, 37–38 Aiello, John R., 3, 5, 135–153, 197 Altman, Drew, 85–86 American Community Survey (2005), 161 American Society of Civil Engineers, 127 Amtrak, 29–30 Anglin, Roland, 2, 4, 11, 16, 31, 45–55, 128, 166, 197 animal rescue, 146–147 Armstrong, Louis, 72, 74, 76 Army Corps of Engineers, U.S., 11–14, 16–17, 49 Astrodome (Houston), 40, 96, 108 attics, 14, 60–61, 66 automobiles, 16, 24–27, 29, 31, 64, 90–91n3, 129–130, 148, 163, 177; economics of ownership, 25–27, 32n17; and myth of self-sufficiency, 3, 183–186, 188–190; parking for, 26–27, 32n17. See also transportation system Ayres, Ian, 26 Baker, Richard H., 110 banks, 24, 135–137, 139–140, 144 Banks, Gralen B., 76, 77n20, 103–104 Bay, Mia, 2–4, 16, 21–33, 52, 96, 193, 197 Beloved (Morrison), 100 Benga, Ota, 107, 113n33 Berry, Jason, 70 Biagi, George, 123 Bible, 73, 87 Billingsley, Andrew, 89 bin Laden, Osama, 34 Blanco, Kathleen, 62 Block, Melissa, 72 Body Worlds (exhibition), 59 Bonnie (hurricane), 121 Booth, William, 124 Border Patrol, 103 Borgne, Lake, 16 Boyd-Franklin, Nancy, 2, 4, 78–94, 189, 194, 197 brass bands, 69–71 Brontë, Charlotte, 100 Brookings Institution, 173 Brown v. Board of Education, 23, 31 Bruce, Frank, 124 Burton, Linda, 78 buses. See transportation system Bush, Barbara, 96, 98, 108, 173 Bush, George W., 1, 4, 6, 50, 63–64, 66, 193; and loopholes for federal contracts, 140; post-Katrina media coverage of, 124–127 businesses, 14, 16, 30, 53, 122; and gothic homelessness, 97, 108, 113n42; minority businesses, 138–140; and public- vs. private-sector preparedness, 135–150; small businesses, 135–141, 144–148, 150. See also private sector Butts, Hugh F., 93n39 canals, 9, 14–16, 36 Carter, Karen, 103 Castle of Otranto, The (Walpole), 99–100 Catholicism, 60, 65, 94n58 INDEX 202 celebration, 69–71, 74, 88 cemeteries, 23, 61, 64–65, 70 charity, 105–106, 144 Chertoff, Michael, 133n11 Cities of the Dead (Roach), 73–74 citizenship, 37, 125, 184; and gothic homelessness, 98, 101–107; and psychological trauma, 78–79, 81 Civil Rights Cases (1883), 22 civil rights movement, 6, 15, 30, 48, 54n4, 84 civil society, 16, 23, 47–48 Civil War, 11–13, 21–22, 71, 185 class bias, 6, 10, 14, 16, 45, 173, 183; and gothic homelessness, 97–98, 110, 112n25; and health-care system, 38, 40; and labor markets, 154, 163; and post-Katrina media coverage, 125–126, 129; and psychological trauma, 79–80, 82–83, 90. See also working classes climate change, 166, 168n6 Coast Guard, 141, 150 Coleman, Javelin, 29 College of William and Mary, 163 Colma (Calif.) necropolis, 64 communication systems, 41, 50, 130, 138, 141–146, 149–150 Congress, U.S., 128; and engineering the river, 10, 12–13, 18–19n10; and federalism, 46, 48–49; Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, 46; Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 139, 143 Constitution, U.S., 47, 54n4; amendments to, 22–23, 61, 102...