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My Thanks To John Taylor and Frederick Pernell of the National Archives in Washington, D.C., and to Victor Berch of the Abraham Lincoln Brigade Archives (ALBA) at Brandeis University. To Joseph Clark, Ruth Clark, Alan Dawley, Joseph Greene, Betsy Jameson, Jill Jamow, David Lenfest, Abe Osheroff, Leland Smith, Randall Smith, and Nancy Wechsler, who helped in various ways. To Ingrid Segers, who acted as interpreter, and to Monique lnghels, who interpreted and opened so many doors in Hamme and Zele. To Daniel and Molly Watt, who traveled to Belgium to photograph and help with the interviews. To Steven Watt, who gave encouragement and advice, and to Joseph Watt, my grandson, who at age thirteen said, "It's a good story Grandpa, but it needs editing." To William Susman, a fellow veteran ofthe Abraham Lincoln Brigade and World War II, who did just that -spending countless hours with me and my manuscript, destiltifying language, pruning sentences, and offering invaluable suggestions. And above all, to the one I cannot thank enough, my wife Margie, who was part of the events and part of its telling, and whose love sustained me all the way. To my family and friends who urged me on, my thanks. This page intentionally left blank ...

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