Notes
Notes Chapter 2. How Much Depends on Dinner? 1. Robert Heinlein, The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress (New York: Putnam, 1966). Barry Commoner’s “Four Laws of Ecology” were found in his Closing Circle (New York: Knopf, 1971): Everything is connected to everything else. Everything must go somewhere. Nature knows best. There’s no such thing as a free lunch. (16–24) 2. Joseph M. Carlin, “Saloons,” in the Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America, ed. Andrew F. Smith (New York: Oxford, 2004), 387–89. 3. Nick Fiddes, Meat: A Natural Symbol (London: Routledge, 1991), 115; Percy Bysshe Shelley, “A Vindication of Natural Diet” (1813), in Ethical Vegetarianism: From Pythagoras to Peter Singer, ed. Kerry S. Walters and Lisa Portmess (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1999), 73; Frances Moore Lappe, Diet for a Small Planet (New York: Ballantine, 1971). 4. Claude Fischler, “The ‘Mad Cow’ Crisis: A Global Perspective,” in Food in Global History, ed. Raymond Grew (Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1999), 213. 5. William Vogt, The Road to Survival (New York: William Sloane Associates, 1948), 285, 63. 6. J. Russell Smith, The World’s Food Resources (New York: Henry Holt, 1919), 7. 7. The concept of “delocalization” is developed in Gretel H. Pelto and Pertti J. Pelto, “Diet and Delocalization: Dietary Changes Since 1750,” in Hunger and History: The Impact of Changing Food Production and Consumption Patterns on Society, ed. Robert I. Rotberg and Theodore K. Rabb (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983), 309–30. 8. William Jevons, 1865, quoted in Garrett Hardin, Living within Limits: Ecology, Economics, and Population Taboos (New York: Oxford University Press, 1993), 134. 9. Jeffrey M. Pilcher, Food in World History (New York: Routledge, 2006), 71–78. 10. Edward M. East, Mankind at the Crossroads (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1924), 64. 11. Henry Martyn, Considerations on the East India Trade (London, 1701); Pilcher, Food in World History, 27–33; Andrew Dalby, Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000), 11. 12. David Orr, Earth in Mind: On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect (Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1994), 172. 13. Whole Foods “Declaration of Interdependence,” http://www.wholefoods market.com/company/declaration.html, accessed August 10, 2007. 14. Alan Meng and Hui Meng, “Food Chains and Webs,” http://www.vtaide.com/ png/foodchains.htm, accessed November 14, 2007. 15. Brower quoted by John McPhee, Encounters with the Archdruid: Narratives about a Conservationist and Three of His Natural Enemies (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1971), 82. 16. Joseph F. Coates, John B. Mahaffie, and Andy Hines, 2025: Scenarios of US and Global Society Reshaped by Science and Technology (Greensboro, N.C.: Oakhill Press, 1997), 380–81. 17. Octavia E. Butler, Parable of the Sower (New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1993); Starhawk, The Fifth Sacred Thing (New York: Bantam Books, 1993); T. C. Boyle, A Friend of the Earth (New York: Viking Books, 2002). Chapter 3. Analyzing Commodity Chains 1. Wendell Berry, What Are People For? (San Francisco: North Point Press, 1990), 145, 146. 2. Michael Pollan, The Omnivore’s Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals (New York: Penguin Books, 2006). Claude Fischler coined the similar phrase “omnivore ’s paradox” in “Food, Self, and Identity,” Social Science Information 27, no. 2 (1988): 275–93. 3. William Friedland and Amy Barton, “Tomato Technology,” Society, (September/October 1976): 34–42; William H. Friedland, Amy Barton, and Robert J. Thomas, Manufacturing Green Gold: Capital, Labor, and Technology in the Lettuce Industry (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981); William H. Friedland, “Commodity Systems Analysis: An Approach to the Sociology of Agriculture,” Research in Rural Sociology and Development 1 (1984): 221–35. 4. William H. Friedland, “The End of Rural Society and the Future of Rural Sociology,” Rural Sociology 47, no. 4 (1982): 598–608. 5. Friedland reviewed much of this literature in “Reprise on Commodity Systems Methodology,” International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food 9, no. 1 (2001): 82-103. Another useful overview is Peter Jackson, Neil Ward, and Polly Russell, “Mobilising the Commodity Chain Concept in the Politics of Food and Farming,” Journal of Rural Studies 22 (April 2006): 129–41. 6. The key primary works on the “agrarian question” include Friedrich Engels, “The Agricultural Proletariat,” in The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845); Karl Marx, “The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon” (1852); Karl Kautsky, The Agrarian Question (1899); and Vladimir Lenin, The Development of Capitalism in Russia (1899). Recent analyses of the “agrarian...
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