Grant Park: The Evolution of Chicago's Front Yard

Notes

193 Notes 1. Early Park History: Lake, Land, and Place 1. Quoted in Quaife, Development of Chicago, 177. 2. Cronon, Nature’s Metropolis, 13–19, 31–41, 55. For more information, see Abbott, Boosters and Businessmen. 3. Andreas, History of Chicago, 165–73. For more information, see Ranney, Prairie Passage; Lamb, “I&M Canal.” 4. Conzen, “Historical and Geographical Development,” 7. 5. “Fort Dearborn,” clipping file, Chicago Historical Society; Nash, Wilderness and the American Mind, 23. 6. Conzen, “Historical and Geographical Development,” 6; Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow , 223. 7. Bluestone, Constructing Chicago, 13. 8. Larson, Those Army Engineers, 15–30. 9. Miller, City of the Century, 68–70. 10. Bluestone, Constructing Chicago, 29. 11. Quoted in Quaife, Development of Chicago 1674–1914, 177. 12. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 222; Pierce, History of Chicago, 1:362–63; Ayer, LakeFront Questions, 16. 13. Lois Wille, Forever Open (1972), 22; Chicago Democrat, November 4, 1835. 14. Conzen and Carr, Illinois and Michigan Canal, 7; Grossman, Keating, and Reiff, Encyclopedia of Chicago, 1011. For more information, see Conzen, “1848.” 15. Wille, Forever Open, 23. 16. Ibid. 17. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 14–17; Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, 1839/39, doc. 55. 18. Bluestone, Constructing Chicago, 17. 19. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 17. 20. Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, April 14, 1837. 21. “Crawford, James and William.” 22. Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, August 28, 1837. Notes to Pages 7–19 194 23. City of Chicago v. A. Montgomery Ward, 169 IL 392. 24. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 222; Clayton, Illinois Fact Book, 38. 25. Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, August 10, 1847. The common council designated this area as Lake Park, as well as the area that became Dearborn Park. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 17. 26. Quoted in Pierce, History of Chicago, 1:362. 27. Fink, Grant Park Tomorrow, 18. 28. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:340, 1:363. 29. Bluestone, Constructing Chicago, 18. 30. Cronon, Nature’s Metropolis, 56; Wille, Forever Open, 26; Stover, History of the Illinois Central Railroad, 43. 31. Chicago Democrat, August 9, 1849. 32. Chicago Daily Journal, March 17, 1849. 33. Wille, Forever Open, 26–37; Chicago City Council, Chicago City Council Proceedings , files and Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, Special Committee on Lake Shore Protection, September 6, 1850. 34. Stover, History of the Illinois Central Railroad, 15, 43. 35. Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council of Chicago Proceedings, files 1851/52: 1315, 1256A, 1255A; Chicago Common Council, Common Council of Chicago Proceedings, files, 1851/52: 1313; Stover, History of the Illinois Central Railroad, 43. 36. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:48–49. 37. Stover, History of the Illinois Central Railroad, 44; Chicago Common Council, Chicago Common Council Proceedings, files, 1851/52, 1376. 38. Stover, History of the Illinois Central Railroad, 44. 39. Ibid., 74–77. 40. Illinois Central Railroad Company, 2. 41. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:340. 42. Daily Democratic Press, August 19, 1853. 43. Ibid. 44. Ibid. 45. Schuyler, New Urban Landscape, 59. 46. “Thoroughfares,” 610. 47. Peckham, “Chicago—A Mean Spot,” 167. 48. Cook, Bygone Days in Chicago, 339–41. 49. Sheahan, Chicago Illustrated, part 1, n.p., and part 2, cover page. 50. Ibid., part 1, n.p., and part 10, n.p. 51. Cook, Bygone Days in Chicago, 341–43. 52. Ibid., 343. 53. Mayer and Wade, Chicago, 186, 234–38. 54. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:341. 55. Board of Public Works, Third Annual Report, 24. 56. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:340. 57. Sautter and Burke, Inside the Wigwam, 2, 18, 20. 58. Karamanski, Rally ’Round the Flag, 201–7. 59. Sautter and Burke, Inside the Wigwam, 20. 60. Ibid., 18–20. 61. Chicago Tribune, August 31, 1864. 62. Chicago Times, August 30, 1864; Sautter and Burke, Inside the Wigwam, 24. Notes to Pages 19–30 195 63. For more information, see Angle, “Chicago’s Second National Convention”; New York Times, September 2, 1864. 64. Kunhardt and Kunhardt, Twenty Days, 235. 65. Chicago Tribune, May 2, 1865. 66. Kunhardt and Kunhardt, Twenty Days, 235. 67. Chicago Tribune, May 2, 1865. 68. Kunhardt and Kunhardt, Twenty Days, 237. 69. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2:340–41; Einhorn, Property Rules, 104–43. For more information, see Rauch, Public Parks; Cranz, Politics of Park Design. 70. Andreas, History of Chicago, 3:167. 71. Pierce, History of Chicago, 2: 342–45; Andreas, History of...