Sovereign Screens: Aboriginal Media on the Canadian West Coast

Index

253 Index Ablakela (Claxton), 143 Aboriginal, definition of, 201n1 Aboriginal aesthetics, 2, 4, 94, 143, 146–47, 148, 164 Aboriginal Film and Video Makers Symposium, 61 Aboriginal film institute: need for, 177, 178–79, 182, 234n6 Aboriginal Filmmaking Program, 56, 64–65, 220n32, 220n33 Aboriginal media: access to, 88–89, 131; Canadian state support for, xii–xiii, 55–75, 76–105; community support for, 13, 45–46, 209n8; diversity of, 138; experimental, 135, 136–44, 150, 154–57, 178, 225n18, 227n12, 229n1; funding , 67–68, 217n17, 219–20n30, 220n32, 221n35; ghettoization of, 91–92; infrastructure for, 86, 87, 182; mainstream media and, 38, 79, 80–84, 85–86, 92, 178, 180; nonNative producers and, 56, 63, 74, 81–83, 230n2; screening venues for, 27, 46–47, 86, 91, 140; as “struggle”-focused, 177, 179–80 Aboriginal Media Lab, 182, 234n5 Aboriginal peoples: Canadian government and, 6, 39–40, 68–69, 70, 73, 107–8, 181, 204n2, 225n1; diversity of, 77–78, 80, 94, 145–47; domination of, 144; intermarriage with Chinese, 208n16; media exclusion of, 68; migration to cities by, 7–8; political status of, 71; rights of, 10, 61, 70–71, 86, 184, 204–5n3, 230n5. See also urban Aboriginal Aboriginal Peoples Survey, 205n5, 206n7 254 Index Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN), xii, xvi, 13, 27, 76–105, 182, 223n6, 223n7; access to, 88–89; accomplishments of, 84–87; ghettoization and, 91–92; mandate of, 84, 88, 94; National News, 90–91; online viewing of, 93–94; viewership of, 87–89; West Coast representation on, 89–91 Aboriginal Production Fund, 65 Aboriginal title, 70–71 Abraham, William, 233n9 Academy Awards, 70 accessibility to Aboriginal community , 42–43, 94 access to production resources, xiii, 12–13, 32–33, 204–5n3 activism. See political activism addiction, 110 adoption, 100, 226n10, 228n15 advertising, 84, 87 African American ancestry, 211n15 Alcatraz, occupation of, 60 Alstead, Robert, 215n9 American Indian Movement (AIM), 60, 218n22 appropriation, 61 archetypes, 147 art galleries, 43, 140, 212n16, 212n17 artists’ collectives, 10–11, 93, 169, 171, 176 artist-run centers, xiii, xiv, 12, 23, 25–26, 30, 137, 138, 140, 208nn2–4, 218n22. See also grunt gallery; Video In (and Video In/Video Out, or VIVO) ArtZone, 90, 120, 227n11 Assembly of First Nations, 6 assimilation, 100, 118, 207n11; resistance to, 113, 118. See also residential schools Atanarjuat (Kunuk), 67–68, 69–70, 221n36 At the Crossroads (Bear), 66 Aubin, Sebastian, 171 Aucoin, Duane мastant’, 112, 176 Aucoin, Duane мastant’, works: Children of the Rainbow, 101–3; My Own Private Lower Post, 113–14, 115; “Sunbox,” 102 audience, 3–4, 62, 82–83, 87–89; collaboration by, 45, 138, 149; global, 181–82; non-Native, 3–4, 62, 77, 83, 88 “aunties,” 48, 123 autonomy vs. dependency, 72 avant-garde, 10–11, 13, 23–25, 136–40, 143, 156; defined, 136, 137–38 Backbone of the World, 228n16 The Ballad of Crowfoot (Dunn), 59–60 Bare Skins, 103–4 BC Treaty Process Agreement, 71 Bear, Jeff, 81, 83, 121, 221n35; At the Crossroads, 66 Bear, Shirley, 121 bear hunting, 232n7 Bearshirt, Leonard, 134 Bearwalker (Cheechoo), 221n36 Before Tomorrow, 70 Belcourt, Shane: Boxed In, 224n12; Tkaronto, 224n12, 224n15 Belmore, Rebecca, 139 berdache, 222n2 Bergevin, J. B., 59 Beyond Words, 90 Index 255 Bingo and a Movie, 85 Blackstone, 222n36 Blanket Dance Productions, 227n13 blood quantum, 108, 204n2, 211n15 Bob, Vicky, 114 Boxed In (Belcourt), 224n12 Brain Plus World (Diamond), 103 Bredin, Marian, 87, 88 British Columbia, 71, 222n38 Broadcasting Act (1991), 54–55, 86 “Brown Paper,” 10 Buffalo Bone China (Claxton), 221n36, 229n4 Buffalo Tracks, 222n36 bureaucracy, 19, 100, 216n12 Bureau of Broadcast Management (BBM), 87 Burton, Kevin Lee, 123, 125, 126, 156–57, 171–72, 175–76, 231n3 Burton, Kevin Lee, works: Meskanakh (My Path), 129, 131; Nikamowin, 125, 156, 158–64, 171, 173, 231n4; Writing the Land, 14, 17–19, 125 Campbell, Ian, 81 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), 222n3 Canadian content rules (CanCon), 54, 55 “Canadian Cooperation Project,” 214n5 Canadian cultural identity, 52, 53, 213n3 Canadian cultural institutions, xii–xiii, xvi, 73, 213n2; access to, 51, 104, 215n9; feature films and, 54, 214n5, 214n6 Canadian government: Aboriginal identity and, 39–40, 107–8, 181, 204n2, 225n1; colonialism of, 60, 70, 84, 142–43, 181; cultural policy of, 51, 74; moral responsibility to Aboriginal peoples, 68–69; using armed force, 219n25. See also Oka crisis Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau (CGMPB), 213n2 Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications...