Curious Unions: Mexican American Workers and Resistance in Oxnard, California, 1898–1961

Notes

265 NOTES introduction 1. McWilliams, North from Mexico, 166. 2. Zamora, World of the Mexican Worker. 3. Balderrama and Rodríguez, Decade of Betrayal; Menchaca, The Mexican Outsiders ; G. J. Sánchez, Becoming Mexican American. 4. Calavita, Inside the State; Galarza, Merchants of Labor; González, Guest Workers or Colonized Labor? 5. Ross, Conquering Goliath, 123–29; Griswold del Castillo and Garcia, César Chávez, 29–30, 51. 6. Almaguer, Racial Fault Lines, 90–93. 7. “Celebration Follows Big Spanish Wedding,” Oxnard Daily Courier, 20 January 1923; “Latin American Dept. of Community Service Making Great Progress,” Oxnard Daily Courier, 12 March 1923. 8. MacLachlan, Anarchism and the Mexican Revolution. 9. Daniel, Bitter Harvest, 1981. 10. U.S. Senate, Violations of Free Speech and Rights of Labor. 1. early curious unions 1. Cuevas, “The Oxnard Area,” 11; “Gruesome Find by Ranchers of Kelly Farm,” Oxnard Courier, 24 February 1911; “Old Burying Ground Found at Pt. Mugu,” Oxnard Daily Courier, 17 October 1923; Garber, “Hueneme,” 11–13; Greenwood and Browne, “Rise and Fall of Shisholop,” 2–5; C. King, “Names and Locations of Historic Chumash Villages,” 175. 2. C. King, “Chumash Inter-Village Economic Exchange,” 289–91; Arnold, Craft Specialization, 6. 3. C. King, “Names and Locations of Historic Chumash Villages,” 175; Martz, “Social Dimensions of Chumash Mortuary Populations,” 146, 154; Holliman, “Division of Labor and Gender Roles,” 94. 4. C. King, “Chumash Inter-Village Economic Exchange,” 291–94; Landberg, The Chumash Indians, 62–64; Gamble, “The Organization of Artifacts.” 5. C. King, “Chumash Inter-Village Economic Exchange,” 297–300; Arnold, Craft Specialization, 11. 6. C. King, “Chumash Inter-Village Economic Exchange,” 301–8; C. King, “Names and Locations of Historic Chumash Villages,” 175; Rice, Bullough, and Orsi, The Elusive Eden, 34–35. 7. J. T. Davis, “Trade Routes and Economic Exchange,” 32; C. D. King, “Evolution of Chumash Society,” 96. 8. Triem, Ventura County, 17; Hollimon, “Division of Labor and Gender Roles,” 28–33, 177; Brooks, “‘This Evil Extends,’” 98–99. 9. C. D. King, “Evolution of Chumash Society,” 95–98; Arnold, Craft Specialization , 9; Hollimon, “Division of Labor and Gender Roles,” 28, 153. 10. The large majority of the Simo’mo mortuary excavations, however, some 63 percent, exhibited an accompaniment of artifacts of some sort. Martz, “Social Dimensions of Chumash Mortuary Populations,” 219. 11. Hollimon, “Division of Labor and Gender Roles,” 13–14, 94–97. 12. Monroy, Thrown among Strangers, 15. 13. Hollimon, “Division of Labor and Gender Roles,” 60–61, 73; Hurtado, Intimate Frontiers, 4. 14. Kelsey, Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, 145–48; for an anthropological description of Chumash living structures and sweatlodges see Gamble, “Chumash Architecture,” 54–92. 15. Kelsey, Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, 145–48; Bolton, Fray Juan Crespi, 160–61; Greenland, Port Hueneme, 13–14. 16. J. R. Johnson and McLendon, “Cultural Affiliation,” 150; Castañeda, “Sexual Violence,” 17–19. 17. J. R. Johnson and McLendon, “Cultural Affiliation and Lineal Descent,” 119–24; Resnick, “Subsistence Patterns,” 21; Love and Resnick, “Mission Made Pottery,” 9; Lara-Cea, “Notes,” 131–42. 18. S. N. Sheridan, History of Ventura County, 71–73; J. R. Johnson, The Chumash Indians, 2; Sandos, “Levantamiento!” 120–21. 19. S. N. Sheridan, History of Ventura County, 73; Sandos, “Levantamiento!” 121; Englehardt, Missions and Missionaries, 31–33. 20. J. R. Johnson and McLendon, “Cultural Affiliation and Lineal Descent,” 483; Almaguer, “Class, Race, and Capitalist Development,” 95; Menchaca, The Mexican Outsiders, 10. 21. Gregor, “Changing Agricultural Patterns,” 33–36, 40. Douglas Monroy provides an insightful perspective on the spiritual impact of the emergence of an accumulationist agricultural economy on the psyche of Southern California Indians, specifically in relation to the Spanish objectification of animal life and the natural environment. Monroy, Thrown among Strangers, 10, 16. 22. Gregor, “Changing Agricultural Patterns,” 35. 266 notes to pages 15–20 23. J. R. Johnson, The Chumash Indians, 3–7; Monroy, Thrown among Strangers, 185–94; A. Camarillo, Chicanos in a Changing Society, 9–13. In his examination of census records, Gregor found that in 1860 officials counted only ninety-nine Chumash Indians within Santa Barbara County. See “Changing Agricultural Patterns,” 42–43. 24. J. R. Johnson, The Chumash Indians, 8; quote from Rios-Bustamante and Castillo, Illustrated History of Mexican Los Angeles, 51–53. People from Sonora and Sinaloa continued to enter Southern California after the American conquest with the discovery of gold in the region and the gold rush of northern...