Meeting the Demands of Reason: The Life and Thought of Andrei Sakharov

Contents

ix Contents Preface and Acknowledgments xi Note on Transliteration xvii Part I Earliest Influences: 1921–1945 1 A Childhood of Culture and Ideas 3 2 Expanding Horizons 18 Part II Designing Weapons for the Maintenance of Peace: 1945–1956 3 Tamm’s Protégé at FIAN 31 4 Arzamas-16—The Secret Installation 46 5 The “Layer Cake” and Other Weapons 61 Part III A Scientist with a Social Conscience: 1956–1968 6 Radioactive Fallout and Other Matters of Conscience 81 7 Confronting Khrushchev 92 8 The Nuzhdin Affair 105 9 A Dissident at Last 118 Part IV Challenging the Soviet Goliath: 1968–1973 10 Reflections on Progress, Coexistence, and Intellectual Freedom 135 11 An Equal Partner in Politics and Life 153 12 Moral Anchor of a Dissident Movement 157 13 The Regime Reacts 188 x Contents Part V “Domestic Enemy Number One”: 1973–1980 14 Orchestrated Vituperation 199 15 Debating Solzhenitsyn 211 16 Détente and Human Rights 223 17 Nobel Laureate 242 18 The Noose Tightens 264 Part VI In Exile, Unrepentant: 1980–1986 19 Arrested but Still Defiant 279 20 Finding Hope in Quantum Physics 302 21 The Soviet Leadership Softens 323 Part VII The Conscience of Perestroika: 1986–1989 22 Return to Moscow 333 23 A Different Kind of Perestroika 354 24 The Congress of People’s Deputies 372 25 Apotheosis Postmortem 391 Conclusion: Sakharov’s Legacy 399 Bibliography 413 Index 445 Illustrations follow page 196 ...