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illustrations 1. Mathew Brady, Charlotte Cushman, 1857 / 9 2. Grover’s National Theater, 1868 / 10 3. Miss Charlotte Cushman as Lady Macbeth, ca. 1850s / 11 4. John Bachmann, Bird’s Eye View of the City of Washington, D.C., and the Seat of War in Virginia, 1862 / 14 5. Organ, Music Hall, Boston, ca. 1863–84 / 26 6. Interior of Music Hall, Boston, 1876 / 27 7. Thomas Crawford, Freedom, 1863 (atop Capitol) / 30 8. Thomas Crawford, Freedom / 32 9. Charlotte Cushman as Lady Macbeth / 33 10. Harriet Hosmer, Zenobia in Chains, 1859 / 34 11. Unknown artist, Charlotte Cushman’s Eye, n.d. / 37 12. Cushman as Meg Merrilies in Guy Mannering / 38 13. Harriet Hosmer, Medusa, 1854 / 39 14. Boston Music Hall organ, with Thomas Crawford’s Beethoven, ca. 1863–84 / 41 15. Broadway on a rainy day, ca. 1860 / 42 16. Giorgio Sommer, Plaster Cast of Pompeii Victims, February 5, 1863 / 44 17. Giorgio Sommer, Plaster Cast of Pompeii Victims, February 5, 1863 / 44 2 8 5 18. Randolph Rogers, Nydia, the Blind Flower Girl of Pompeii, ca. 1854–55 / 48 19. Detail of Randolph Rogers, Nydia / 51 20. Detail of Randolph Rogers, Nydia / 51 21. Charlotte Cushman’s home, ca. 1875 / 52 22. Richard Morris Hunt, Charlotte Cushman House: Details of Finials, ca. 1870 / 54 23. Charlotte Cushman’s obelisk, Mount Auburn Cemetery, 1876 / 55 24. Clark Mills, Life Mask of Abraham Lincoln, ca. 1917 / 66 25. Henry Fonda as Abraham Lincoln in John Ford’s The Young Mr. Lincoln, 1939 / 71 26. David Plowden, Tree near Relay, Maryland, 1964 / 72 27. David Plowden, Antietam, ca. 1965 / 73 28. David Plowden, Aquia Creek, ca. 1965 / 73 29. Grand Procession of Wide-Awakes at New York on the Evening of October 3, 1860, in Harper’s Weekly, 1860 / 75 30. Winslow Homer, Rebels Outside Their Works at Yorktown Reconnoitering with Dark Lanterns, in Harper’s Weekly, 1862 / 81 31. Winslow Homer, In Front of Yorktown, ca. 1862–63 / 83 32. James W. Watts, Comet of Donati 1858, September 16th / 85 33. William Dyce, Pegwell Bay, Kent—A Recollection of October 5th, 1858, ca. 1858–60 / 86 34. Lewis Rutherfurd, Moon, March 4, 1865 / 88 35. Globe from William Seward’s house, ca. 1860 / 90 36. Emanuel Leutze, Signing of the Alaska Treaty, 1869 / 91 37. Eastman Johnson, Negro Life at the South, 1859 / 99 38. “Plan of the organ of hearing as an architect might describe it,” in Oliver Wendell Holmes, “The Great Instrument,” 1863 / 107 39. Thomas Eakins, Perspective Drawing for the “Pair-Oared Shell,” 1872 / 110 40. Worthington Whittredge, Interior of the Bedroom of Thomas Whitredge, Tiverton, Rhode Island, ca. 1863 / 113 41. Thomas Crawford, The Progress of Civilization, ca. 1854–63 / 120 42. Plaster cast of Thomas Crawford’s seated Indian from The Progress of Civilization / 121 43. The Lecture Room at the Smithsonian Institution / 131 44. Joseph Henry, drawing of new Lecture Room, 1849 / 132 i l l u s t r a t i o n s 2 8 6 [13.58.137.218] Project MUSE (2024-04-26 06:30 GMT) 45. Titian Ramsay Peale, Interior of Joseph Henry’s Apartments at the Smithsonian Building, 1862 / 135 46. Meteorite from Coahuila, Mexico / / 136 47. Charles Wellington Reed, sketch of figures in tents, 1863 / 141 48. J.F. Hillers, The War in Georgia—Battle of Chickamauga, Sept. 19 and 20, in Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 1863 / 146 49. Schenkl shell fragment, 1863 / 149 50. Alfred Waud, Battle of Bristoe Station, 1863 / 152 51. Gouverneur Kemble Warren, Uniontown, Karo River, ca. 1850s / 155 52. Gouverneur Kemble Warren, Spanish Peaks . . . Aug. 6, ca. 1850s / 155 53. Sappho, in Edda Middleton, Sappho: A Tragedy in Five Acts, 1858 / 158 54. Timothy O’Sullivan, Castle Murray, 1863 / 162 55. Melrose, presentation drawing, ca. 1857–58 / 164 56. Our Chief, Lochiel (tobacco label), 1876 / 165 57. Timothy O’Sullivan, Castle Murray, near Auburn, Va., November 1863 / 169 58. Timothy O’Sullivan, Castle Murray, 1863 / 172 59. Bottle, ca. 1860–80 / 178 60. Polk County Court House, Bolivar, Missouri, ca. 1850 / 188 61. Plan of Bolivar, Missouri, 1841 / 189 62. Burial ground, Louisburg, North Carolina, with tomb of Thomas Ru‹n / 196 63. Thomas Ru‹n’s tomb, Louisburg, North Carolina / 197 64. Close-up of Ru‹n’s tomb, Louisburg, North Carolina / 198 65. Andrew Joseph Russell (attributed), Orange and Alexandria R.R. Bridge near Union Mills, the burned block, 1863 / 209 66. James Caldwall after Henry Fuseli...

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