Policing America’s Empire: The United States, the Philippines, and the Rise of the Surveillance State

Abbreviations

xv Abbreviations ABB Alex Boncayao Brigade (New People’s Army, Philippines) ABS-CBN Alto Broadcasting System-Chronicle Broadcasting Network (Philippines) ACLU American Civil Liberties Union (United States) AEF American Expeditionary Forces AFP Armed Forces of the Philippines AP Associated Press (United States) ASSO Arrest Search and Seizure Order (Philippines) APL American Protective League AT&T American Telephone and Telegraph ASAC Anti-Smuggling Action Center (Philippines) BI Bureau of Investigation (later FBI, United States) BCT Battalion Combat Team (Philippines) BPP Border Patrol Police (Thailand) BW Best World Resources Corporation (Philippines) CAFGU Citizens Armed Force Geographical Unit (Philippines) CANU Constabulary Anti-Narcotics Unit (Philippines) CIA Central Intelligence Agency (United States) CIC Counter Intelligence Corps (U.S. Army) CIO Congress of Industrial Organizations (United States) CMRF Consequent Management Response Force (United States) COINTELPRO Counterintelligence Program (FBI, United States) CP Communist Party (United States) CPP Communist Party of the Philippines CSU Constabulary Security Unit (Philippines) DEA Drug Enforcement Administration (United States) DI Division of Investigation (later NBI, Philippines) DILG Department of Interior and Local Government (Philippines) DMI Division of Military Information (United States) DOD Department of Defense (United States) DPA deep penetration agent (Philippines) EDSA Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (Manila, Philippines) FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation (United States) FLAG Free Legal Assistance Group (Philippines) HUAC House Committee on Un-American Activities (United States) G-2 Military Intelligence Branch (U.S. Army) Huk Hukbalahap, Hukbong Mapagpalaya ng Bayan (People’s Liberation Army, Philippines) IBM International Business Machines (United States) ICHDF Integrated Civilian Home Defense Force (Philippines) IFI Iglesia Filipina Independiente INP Integrated National Police (Philippines) IPA International Police Academy (United States) ISAFP Intelligence Service Armed Forces of the Philippines IWW International Workers of the World (United States) JI Jemmah Islamiyah (Indonesia) JSOC Joint Special Operations Command (United States) JSOTF-P Joint Special Operations Task-Force-Philippines (United States) JUSMAG Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group KGB Komitjet Gosudarstvjennoj Bjezopasnosti (Committee of Public Safety, USSR) KKK Kristiano Kontra Komunismo (Philippines) KMU Kilusang Mayo Uno (May Day Movement, Philippines) LIC Low Intensity Conflict (U.S. Army) Meralco Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company Metrocom Metropolitan Command (Philippines Constabulary) MID Military Information Division (United States) MIG Military Intelligence Group (ISAFP, Philippines) MIG-15 Military Intelligence Group 15 (ISAFP, Philippines). MISG Metrocom Intelligence Service Group (Philippines Constabulary) MILF Moro Islamic Liberation Front (Philippines) MNLF Moro National Liberation Front (Philippines) MP Military Police (U.S. Army) MPC Military Police Command (Philippines) NAACP National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (United States) NAIA Ninoy Aquino International Airport (Manila, Philippines) Napolcom National Police Commission (Philippines) xvi Abbreviations NBI National Bureau of Investigation (Philippines) NFSW National Federation of Sugar Workers (Philippines) NGO nongovernmental organization NICA National Intelligence Coordinating Agency (Philippines) NISA National Intelligence and Security Authority (Philippines) NISF Naval Intelligence and Security Force (Philippines) NPA New People’s Army (Philippines) NSA National Security Agency (United States) NSC National Security Council (United States) NUSP National Union of Students in the Philippines NPA New People’s Army (Philippines) ONI Office of Naval Intelligence (United States) OPS Office of Public Safety (United States)§ Philippine peso PACC Presidential Anti-Crime Commission (Philippines) Pagcor Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation PAOCTF Presidential Anti-Organized Crime Task Force (Philippines) PARGO President’s Agency for the Reform of Government Operations (Philippines) PC Philippines Constabulary PCIB Philippine Commercial International Bank PC-INP Philippines Constabulary-Integrated National Police PCSO Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office PCO Presidential Commitment Order (Philippines) PD Presidential Decree (Philippines) PDP-Laban Pilipino Democratic Party–Lakas ng Bayan PMA Philippine Military Academy PNB Philippine National Bank PNP Philippine National Police RAM Reform the Armed Forces Movement (Philippines) ROTC Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (Philippines, United States) RSU-4 Regional Security Unit-4 (formerly 5th CSU, Philippines Constabulary) SAF Special Action Force (Philippine National Police) SAP Special Action Program (United States) SD-X Special Directorate X (PAOCTF, Philippine National Police) SEALs Sea, Air and Land Forces (U.S. Navy) SOT Special Operations Team (Philippines) SP Special Police (Philippines) SWIFT Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication TFAG Task Force Anti-Gambling (Philippines) TFD Task Force Detainees (Philippines) Abbreviations xvii TIPS Terrorism Information and Prevention System (United States) UMW United Mine Workers (United States) UN United Nations UP University of the Philippines USAID United States Agency for International Development USIS United States Information Service WACL World Anti-Communist League ZOTO Zone One Tondo Organization (Manila, Philippines) ZTE Zhong Xing Telecommunications Equipment Corporation (China) xviii Abbreviations [18.191.186...