Viet Nam: Borderless Histories

A Note on Terminology/Transliteration

TITLE ix A Note on Terminology/ Transliteration To ensure consistency, we decided to maintain Vietnamese terms with complete diacritics in the text. Chinese terms have been rendered in the contemporary romanization standards in Hán-ViӾt or pinyin next to the English translation. A glossary of Chinese terms used in each essay is provided for readers who are familiar with characters and wish to consult the phrases in the original. Proper names are rendered with or without diacritics according to standard Vietnamese and/or Western convention. Of greater controversy is the rendering of the term “ViӾt Nam.” Although the separation of the term with diacritics is still hotly debated in Vietnamese studies, we have decided to render it in the original. For the prenineteenth century, we have avoided referring to the different states as “ViӾt Nam.” The authors in this volume have also used /àng Trong to refer to the southern realm of NguyӼn rule in the pre–Gia Long period. When discussing colonial literature, we have tried to use the terms the authors use in their discussion. x A Note on Terminology/ Transliteration Introduction 1 ViӾt Nam 2 N H U N G T U Y E T T R A N A N D A N T H O N Y R E I D ...