The Orphan Tsunami of 1700: Japanese Clues to a Parent Earthquake in North America

Index

Index • Tsushima-han ~t~iI Japan B* Kyoto *t~ Nara ~N Morioka-han ~Ilillil Morioka ~Ilill Murakami-han tt..til Nikko Bn :·······0···0 EZO !~j~ (HOKKAIDO ~t;~~ o Hachinohe /\p Kuwagasaki If-I:'T AAl Sanriku coast ~Ili;~)$ g!Sugaruishi ;~ft~ ..............now part of 0-Otsuchi *~ Miyako city '8'"i!l Ofunato *M'Qiffl: o . Sendal filiil' Nakamura-han "pttil Mito-han 7!t,t. in hiragana, tJ j- in katakana), Japanese phonetic scripts: antiquity compared with Cascadia great-earthquake history, 100 diacritical marks (dakuten), 78n printed examples, title page, 40, 78n simplified in 20th century, 40n used abundantly in "Miho-mura yoji oboe," 78n Kanahama ~f~, village near Tsugaruishi, 56: deposits of 1960 Chile tsunami, 19 houses destroyed by local tsunami of 1677, 51 Kanji, ideogram, typically of Chinese origin, in Japanese script, 38; period of origin, 100 Karo, senior minister in daimyo governments: named in daily headnotes of Morioka-han "Zassho," 44, 60 represented by deputies in shipwreck investigation near Nakaminato, 70 source of weather reports, 72 Katsushika Hokusai (1760-1849), woodblock artist: great wave misused as tsunami icon, 80 "Men baling rice," 66 Koku, unit of volume equivalent to 180 liters: measured expected yield, 61 n, 77n, 71 measured samurai stipends, 53n, 58n, 71 Kubota Crossing !Af!f: EI3 i1l£ IJ , tsunami limit near Tsugaruishi, 50,56-57 Kura, storehouse: entered by 1700 and 1707 tsunamis in Shinjo, 88-89 entered by 1707 tsunami in Tanabe, 89 protected Morioka-han "Zassho" in Morioka, 44n protected Ouchi-ke "Go-yodome" in Nakaminato?, 131 Kuwagasaki &fJ:7 Mli, port now part of Miyako city '8dm, 36: flooded by 1700 tsunami, 36-39, 46, 48 flooded by 1960 Chile tsunami, 37, 46, 49 height estimates for 1700 tsunami, 48-49 other tsunamis, 36 Kyoto Ji':~, imperial capital 794-1867, shogunal capital 1333-1573: source of earthquake records, 63 weather, during 1700 tsunami, 72 Kyushu 1L1'lj, southernmost of Japan's four main islands; 1699 typhoon, 83 L Land-level change: cycles at subduction zones, 10, 91 , 100 modern trends in Japan, 65 spatial patterns during plate-boundary earthquakes at subduction zone~ 10, 11, 14,99 Lincoln City, Oregon, tsunami-evacuation map, 102n Liquefaction, loss of shear strength, typically in shaken sand; geologic evidence, 22-23 Long Beach, town on sand spit west ofWillapa Bay, Washington; tsunami-evacuation map, 102n Long Island, in Willapa Bay, Washington; source of tree rings used like bar codes to date earthquake-induced death of western red cedar, 96m, 97 M Mad River Slough, California, radiocarbon ages from, 25 Magistrates (daikan f-\;;'8), district officials in daimyo domains: administered districts (tori) of Morioka-han, 44 office requested to certify shipwreck near Nakaminato, 68 response to 1700 tsunami in Kuwagasaki, 38 Magnitude, see Earthquakes Makah, native people of Neah Bay, Washington (early photo, opposite); oral history likely inspired by 1700 tsunami, 1213 "Mandaiki" ("Diary of ten thousand generations"), family record of Tanabe's Tadokoro family 1471-1839,84 Manzanita, Oregon, tsunami-evacuation map, 102n Maps, historical: Edo, 61 , 106 mandated by Tokugawa shogunate, 32n, 77n North America ca. 1720, frontispiece, 2 oezu, large picture maps, 26, 32, 36, 44, 50, 56, 58, 66, 76 tourist, of Japan, 1694 edition, 29-31 world, published in 1708, 28-29 Matsuo Basho (1644-1694), haiku poet, 63 Mera § & , village near Tanabe; crops damaged by 1700 tsunami, 85,86n,90 Mexico City, 1985 earthquake, 8-9 Miho '::'f!f:, village now part of Shimizu city lFf7J'(m: 1700 tsunami, 76-79, 82 1703 tsunami, 77 Edo-period picture maps, 26, 31 , 76 flooded by storms in 1699 and 1974, 83 height estimates for 1700 tsunami, 82 lack of precursory earthquake, 54, 77-79 uplifted during 1854 earthquake, 82m "Miho-mura yoji oboe," collection of 71 writings by Miho headmen, most dated 1694-1730: alludes to 1700 tsunami as "rabbit-year waves," 77 main entry on 1700 tsunami, 34, 78-79 mentions lack of precursory earthquake, 54 other entries, 77n preserved by Endo family, 76n quoted briefly, 26, 40, 46, 54, 80, 82, 105 use of kana, 78n Mikonohama :f$'fO)f~, village near Tanabe; crops damaged by 1700 tsunami, 85, 90 Mito-han 7J'(P !i, daimyo domain of a branch of the Tokugawa clan; role in certifying a shipwreck in 1700, 70 128 THE ORPHAN TSUNAMI OF 1700 Miyako 'SCi, now a city that contains Kuwagasaki and Tsugaruishi: as headquarters of a district of Morioka-han, 36, 44 names of district officials who reported the 1700 tsunami, 38n weather station's...