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INDEX 353 Acción Católica. See Catholic Action ACU. See Agrupación Católica Universitaria adaptation, Cuban exile. See cultural pluralism and diversity; assimilation and Americanization; integration of Cubans agrarian reform, law and, 45–46; Castro and, 35; Catholic support for, 20, 29–32, 43, 46–49, 61–62, 68, 125, 135, 145; Constitution of 1940 and, 33; Humanist Movement of Cuba and, 24; implementation of, 53; Latin America and, 138 Agrupación Católica Universitaria: activists of, 160, 163, 204, 219; closed by government, 77; comandos rurales and, 46–47, 59–60; denounced as traitors, 73–74; established in Miami, 97–98, 192; foundation of, 14–15; media, 71; mentioned, 127, 222, 235, 245; political action by, 33–34, 36–37; social commitment of, 18, 20, 28–29, 31; theology of, 17; Villanueva University and, 73–74 Aguilar León, Luís, MDC leader, 134, 161 Aguilera, Francisco, Cuban independence leader, 113 Albiza, Antonio, priest, 37 Alegre, Cecilia, mental health activist, 211 Alerta, Miami, newspaper, 255 Alinsky, Saul, community organizer and intellectual, 234 Allen, Carlos, member Bay of Pigs invasion brigade, 112, 179 Allende, Salvador, president of Chile, 208, 258, 261–262 Alliance for Progress, 167 Almeida, Juan, revolutionary leader, 38 Alzaga, Florinda, lay activist, 119 anti-communism: Catholic church and, 122–123, 192, 273; exile identity and, 120–128, social activism and, 130; mentioned, 177, 179, 253; paramilitary activism and, 156 archdiocese and diocese of Miami: ethnic conflicts in, 191–199; parishes in, 93–98, 102, 117, 143–144, 161, 194, 234; reception of Cubans by, 84–87, social commitment by, 142–146; support for Encuentro movement by, 225–233, 233–238 Areíto, exile magazine, 262. See Grupo Areíto Arenas, Valentín, lay activist, 14, 34, 43, 167 Arteaga, Manuel, archbishop and cardinal , 12, 31, 39, 41, 73, 77, 78, 113 Artime, Manuel: agrarian reform and, 46; opposes Batista, 36; opposes Castro, 59–60, 65, 67, 73, 158–159, 161–163, 165–166; social thought of, 131–132; as student activist, 34 Arzuaga, Javier, priest, 96 ASH. See Asociación Sacerdotal Hispana Asociación Sacerdotal Hispana, 193, 222 assimilation and Americanization: Cubans reject, 185–186, 191–193, 198–199, 230, 276; historical assimilation and Americanization (cont.) context of, 5, 183–184. See cultural pluralism and diversity; integration of Cubans Augustinians, 12, 13, 72, 77, 78 Azcona, Clara Lucas, lay activist, 57 Azpiazu, José Joaquín, priest and Spanish Catholic intellectual, 19–21 Babylonian exile, 1, 277 Baraguá, Havana, newspaper, 23 Bastarrica, Julián de, priest, 31, 36 Batista, Fulgencio, president of Cuba: background about, 9–11; Catholic opposition to, 33–41; references to, 43–44, 46, 51–52, 58, 60, 64, 66–67, 73, 123, 157–160, 166, 171–178, 208, 241 Batista, Laureano, MDC leader, 64, 161, 164, 168, 245, 251–252, 264 Batista, Victor, journal editor, PREC and, 245, 251–252, 264 Bay of Pigs invasion: and Catholics, 161–166; as exile symbol, 112; failure and consequences of, 76–77, 82, 86, 97; memorial to, 112, 179; mentioned, 105, 172, 178, 204 Begoña, Mauricio de, priest, 143 Bejel, Emilio, student at Belén school, 118 Belén School: in Cuba, 14, 18, 20, 22, 28, 31, 61, 219; reestablished in Miami 102–103, Cuban culture at, 117–118 Beltrán, Edgard, priest and Encuentro movement leader, 222, 224, 237 Benedict XV, pope, 113 Benes, Bernardo, community activist, 264 Beristain, Francisco, priest, 38 Bermúdez, Florinda, nun, 225 betrayal, exile sense of, 51, 108, 132–133, 150, 246 Bez Chabebe, Jorge, priest, 38, 114, 117, 193, 196 Biaín, Ignacio, priest and journalist, 35, 39–40, 42, 48, 54, 62, 248 bilingual and bilingualism: advocacy of, 187–189, 194, 204, 229, 238; Anglo reaction to, 194–195; at CHC, 85; in schools, 103 Bishop’s Committee for the SpanishSpeaking . See United States Catholic Conference Black and mulatto Cubans: mentioned, 6; react to U.S. segregationist policies, 204; represented in Mariel exodus, 82, 84, 278; social problems of, 211 Bohemia, Cuba, magazine, 36, 55, 72 Boitel, Pedro Luís, student leader, 64, 171–172 Boletín Eclesiástico, archdiocese of Havana bulletin, 15 Boletín Semanal Informativo, Miami, 124–125 Bosch family, Bacardí rum interests, 173, 176 botánicas, 200–201 Boza Masvidal, Eduardo, bishop: advocates exile tolerance and unity, 269–270; anti-communism of, 121, 127, 153–154, 170; arrest, deportation and resettlement of, 79–80, 89, 92–93; at Encuentro meeting, 229–232; mentioned, 96, 104, 113, 118, 198, 210, 277–280...

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