A Rich Bioethics: Public Policy, Biotechnology, and the Kass Council

INDEX

INDEX 214 Abu Ghraib, 181n.9 advance directives, 82–84 advisory committees. See federal advisory committees aging, 81–85 alethia, 164 American Society for Cell Biology, 139 Aristotle compared to Mill, 53 on cultivation and construction, 99 on happiness, 107 on humans as rational animals, 87 implications for bioethics, 42–46, 184nn.2–4 on philosopher’s method, 178–79 and teleology, 95 on virtue, 186n.3 Arnhart, Larry, 96 autonomy. See also Kant, Immanuel and advance directives, 82–84 and aging, 81, 84 and enhancement, 105 and human nature, 171 and liberal education, 73 and nested goods, 91 origins of concept, 180n.1 and respect for persons, 23–24 Baby Doe regulations, 181n.6 Bacon, Francis, 48, 49, 97 Belmont Report, 22, 23, 24, 29, 151, 161, 169 Berkowitz, Peter, 121 Berlin, Isaiah, 168, 171, 177 Beyond Therapy, 101–12 Big Science, 153 Bildung, 177 bioconservative, 116, 117 bioethics ancient roots of, 41–47 “nature” used in bioethical discourse, 97–101 origins of term, 42, 181n.10, 184n.1 bioethics committees. See public bioethics commissions Biomedical Ethics Advisory Committee (BEAC), 26 bios, 45, 89 biotechnology, 2, 8, 37, 44, 106, 108 Blackburn, Elizabeth, 120, 126, 139–40, 141–44 Blackford, Russell, 98 Bonds, Barry, 102–3 Borgmann, Albert, 68–69 Bostrom, Nick, 100 Brave New World, 107, 110 Brink, David, 178 Brooks, Harvey, 157 Brownback, Sam, 145 Bush, George W., 1, 30, 31, 32, 122, 139, 180n.1 Bush, Vannevar, 156, 158, 193n.13 Callahan, Daniel, 31, 184n.1 capitalism, 54 Caplan, Arthur, 125, 190n.10 Carson, Benjamin, 140 Carson, Rachel, 162 Charo, R. Alta, 121, 125 child labor, 162 cloning. See Human Cloning and Human Dignity; instrumentalism, and cloning; National Bioethics Advisory Commission, on cloning ; rich bioethics, on cloning; somatic cell nuclear transfer co-creator. See playing God Cohen, Eric, 121 Comte, Auguste, 185n.14 conflict of interest, 145–46 contraception, 99 contract. See social contract conversation, 174–79 culture, 90–91, 97–99, 161–62 culture wars, 124 Dahl, Robert, 168 Darwin, Charles, 51, 88, 96 democratic legitimacy, 132–37, 140, 144, 146, 147–48, 170, 191n.5 depression, 109 Descartes, René, 49–51, 87 de Tocqueville, Alexis, 161 Dewey, John, 154 Diamond, Cora, 163–65 Dickey Amendment, 31 Dickson, David, 193n.7 dignity, 88, 103–4, 106, 161 Dresser, Rebecca, 127 drugs, 108 Elliott, Carl, 70–71, 86, 126, 129 embryonic stem cells. See stem cell research Engelhardt, Tristram, Jr., 57–59 enhancement, 65–67, 70–71, 100–101. See also rich bioethics, on enhancement Ethical, Legal, and Social Impacts (ELSI) program, 27, 150 Ethics Advisory Board (EAB), 24–25 ethics advisory bodies, 134–35, 138, 151 eugenics, 65–66, 99–100 Evans, John, 33, 76, 169–70, 172 experts and bioethics commissions, 18–19, 22, 29–30, 35–36 and democracy, 131–35, 168–70 as honest brokers or issue advocates, 137–38 and Kass Council membership, 119 and policy, 152–54 and Stoics as technè, 44 fact-value divide, 90, 93–95, 99 Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), 135, 190n.6 federal advisory committees, 125, 135, 169 Federation of American Scientists, 125 Feenberg, Andrew, 162 final causes. See teleology Fish, Stanley, 165 Fletcher, Joseph, 47 Foster, Daniel, 120 Foucault, Michel, 188n.12 friendship, 175 Fukuyama, Francis, 120, 129, 188n.6 Gazzaniga, Michael, 120, 127, 129, 140, 192n.9 General Accounting Office (GAO), 125, 136 George, Robert, 119, 126, 173, 190n.11 Glendon, Mary Ann, 119, 130 gnosticism, 47–48 Gómez-Lobo, Alfonso, 119, 129, 130 great divide, 41 Greenberg, Daniel, 157 Index 215 Haldane, J. B. S., 153 happiness, 107–11, 158 Haraway, Donna, 90 harm, 74, 78 harm principle, 56 Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 149 health care, 158 Heidegger, Martin, 64, 162, 164, 185n.12 Heisenberg, Werner, 153 Herder, Johann, 168 higher-order volitions, 91 Hippocrates, 43 Hobbes, Thomas, 39, 53, 55, 61, 152, 168, 185n.13 honest broker, 137–38, 145 Human Cloning and Human Dignity, 76–80 human dignity. See dignity human experimentation. See research with human subjects human nature, 89–93, 95, 97–100, 102, 152, 171 human rights, 93 Hume, David, 93, 188n.7–8 identity, 61–62, 79, 108–11 informed consent, 14, 24, 25, 30, 62, 84 informed desire satisfaction, 177–78 innovation, 155–58 institutional review boards (IRBs), 18 instrumentalism and aging and caregiving, 81–85 and cloning, 76 defined, 4–6 and enhancement, 103–11 as formal rationality, 6, 33–36 and happiness...