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In 1995, underwater archaeologists discovered the wreck of the earliest and most important French ship yet found in the Western hemisphere: La Salle's La Belle. For the next two years, a team of archaeologists and volunteers led by James E. Bruseth and sponsored by the Texas Historical Commission uncovered the ship's remains. Amid the shallow waters of Matagorda Bay, one of the most complex steel cofferdams ever constructed was built around the site, allowing the archaeologists to excavate the sunken wreck much as if it were located on dry land. The ship’s hold was discovered full of everything the would-be colonists would need to establish themselves in the New World; more than 1.6 milion artifacts were extracted from the site.
           More than two decades in the making due to the immensity of the find and the complexity of cataloging and conserving the artifacts, this book thoroughly documents one of the most significant North American archaeological discoveries of the twentieth century.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
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  1. Title Page, Copyright, Dedication
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. vii-viii
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  1. Foreword
  2. Patricia A. Mercado-Allinger
  3. pp. ix-x
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  1. Preface
  2. pp. xi-xii
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  1. Acknowledgments
  2. pp. xiii-xx
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  1. Part I: Introduction
  1. 1. Background
  2. James E. Bruseth
  3. pp. 3-25
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  1. 2. Archival Research
  2. John De Bry
  3. pp. 26-44
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  1. 3. Excavation inside a Cofferdam
  2. Layne Hedrick, Amy Mitchell-Cook, James E. Bruseth
  3. pp. 45-59
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  1. 4. Conservation
  2. Donny L. Hamilton, Helen Dewolf, Peter D. Fix
  3. pp. 60-80
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  1. Part II: Ship Design, Organization, and Hardware
  1. 5. Hull Analysis
  2. Toni L. Carrell
  3. pp. 83-130
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  1. 6. Capturing the Curve: Underlying Concepts in the Design of the Hull
  2. Taras Pevny
  3. pp. 131-202
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  1. 7. Rigging
  2. Catharine Inbody Corder
  3. pp. 203-238
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  1. 8. Cordage
  2. Jennifer R. McCaskill
  3. pp. 239-254
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  1. 9. Modeling the Vessel
  2. Glenn Grieco
  3. pp. 255-279
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  1. 10. Galley and Shipboard Diet
  2. Eric D. Ray
  3. pp. 280-290
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  1. 11. Stowage and Packing Containers
  2. Brad Loewen
  3. pp. 291-331
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  1. 12. Navigational and Related Instruments
  2. Gregory D. Cook, Lois A. Swanick
  3. pp. 332-350
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  1. Part III: Arms
  1. 13 Artillery
  2. Donald H. Keith
  3. pp. 353-372
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  1. 14. Cannon Carriage
  2. Steven D. Hoyt
  3. pp. 373-384
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  1. 15. Petards
  2. Donald H. Keith, Eric D. Ray
  3. pp. 385-391
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  1. 16. Firepots
  2. Eric D. Ray, Julia Stryker
  3. pp. 392-410
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  1. 17. Small Arms
  2. Amy A. Borgens, Jay C. Blaine
  3. pp. 411-445
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  1. 18. Gunflints
  2. Jeffrey J. Durst
  3. pp. 446-458
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  1. 19. Iron and Lead Shot
  2. Donald H. Keith
  3. pp. 459-479
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  1. 20. Swords
  2. Jeffrey J. Kampfl
  3. pp. 480-498
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  1. 21. Polearms
  2. Donald H. Keith
  3. pp. 499-506
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  1. Part IV: Trade Goods
  1. 22. Glass Beads
  2. Timothy K. Perttula, Michael D. Glascock
  3. pp. 509-530
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  1. 23. Iconographic (“Jesuit”) and Other Rings
  2. Robert A. Birmingham, Carol I. Mason
  3. pp. 531-541
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  1. 24. Flushloop Variety Brass Trade Bells
  2. John M. Connaway
  3. pp. 542-550
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  1. 25. Straight Pins
  2. Bradford M. Jones
  3. pp. 551-566
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  1. 26. Needles
  2. Bradford M. Jones
  3. pp. 567-577
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  1. 27. Trade Axes and Knives
  2. Mark Feulner
  3. pp. 578-596
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  1. Part V. Domestic Items
  1. 28. Ceramic Containers
  2. Kathleen K. Gilmore, Nancy G. Reese
  3. pp. 599-617
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  1. 29. Glass Bottles, Associated Pewter Screw Cap Closures, and Other Non-Bead Glass Artifacts
  2. Maureen J. Brown, Nancy G. Reese, Betty J. Inman
  3. pp. 618-635
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  1. 30. Contents of Packing Box 10
  2. Michael C. West
  3. pp. 636-659
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  1. 31. Domestic Artifacts
  2. Gregory A. Waselkov, Bonnie L. Gums, Helen Dewolf
  3. pp. 660-718
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  1. 32. Footwear Assemblage
  2. Anthony Randolph
  3. pp. 719-730
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  1. Part VI: Organic Remains and Specialized Analyses
  1. 33. Human Skeletal Analysis
  2. d. Gentry Steele, Michelle J. Raisor
  3. pp. 733-743
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  1. 34. Facial Reconstruction and DNA Analysis of Skeletal Remains
  2. c. Wayne Smith, Ellen M. Heath, d. Andrew Merriwether, David Reed
  3. pp. 744-748
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  1. 35. Faunal Remains
  2. Susan D. Defrance
  3. pp. 749-762
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  1. 36. Plant Remains
  2. Philip Dering
  3. pp. 763-780
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  1. 37. Textiles
  2. Carolyn C. Carlson
  3. pp. 781-787
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  1. 38. Pigments
  2. Megan Mekoli, Eric D. Ray, Cameron Sheya
  3. pp. 788-796
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  1. 39. Organic Contents from Storage Containers
  2. David W. Von Endt, W. David Erhardt, Walter R. Hopwood, Harry A. Alden
  3. pp. 797-802
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  1. Part VII: Conclusions
  1. 40. The Archaeology of a Seventeenth-Century Ship of New World Colonization
  2. James E. Bruseth, Bradford M. Jones, Amy A. Borgens, Eric D. Ray
  3. pp. 805-829
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  1. Appendix 1: Ballast Stone
  2. James E. Bruseth
  3. pp. 830-833
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  1. Appendix 2: The Anchor Shank
  2. pp. 834-840
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  1. Bibliography
  2. pp. 841-872
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 873-892
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  1. Back Cover
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