Editor's Note

TwentiethCentury China Volume 30, No.1 November 2004 Twentieth-Century China ISSN: 1521-5385 Published by the Center for Chinese Studies The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109© 2004 by Twentieth-Century China Editorial Board and The Regents of the University of Michigan. All rights reserved. Chief Editor: Christopher A. Reed, The Ohio State University Managing Editor: Anne Collinson, The Ohio State University Consulting Editor: Li Tuo, University of Michigan Twentieth-Century China is a refereed journal. Manuscripts for publication should be submitted as two hard copies and one electronic copy, double-spaced, with author's name on a separate title page. All manuscripts including endnotes should conform to the University of Chicago Manual of Style, 14th edition. For submission questions and editorial matters, contact the editor: Professor Christopher A. Reed History Department, The Ohio State University 230 West 17th Avenue Columbus, OH 43210-1367 E-mail: For questions on subscriptions and back issues, contact: Center for Chinese Studies University of Michigan 1080 South University, Suite 3668 Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1106 E-mail: Editorial Board Parks Coble (Nebraska), Sherman Chochran (Cornell), Prasenjit Duara (Chicago), Christina Gilmartin (Northeastern), Gail Hershatter (UC-Santa Cruz), John W. Israel (Virginia), Jeffrey C. Kinkley (St. John's), William Kirby (Harvard), Elizabeth Perry (Harvard), R. Keith Schoppa (Loyola), David Strand (Dickinson), Yamada Tatsuo (Keio), Wen-hsin Yeh (UC-Berkeley), Ernest P. Young (Michigan), George Tu Yu (Illinois ). Issues published in November and April of each academic year. Current subscription rates are as follows: Individuals-$ 25; Institutions-$ 50; Full-time Students-$ 15. Make checks payable to: "Twentieth-Century China, University of Michigan." Calligraphy on cover by Yan Bo CONTENTS Editor's Note Obituary: Stephen C. Averill ARTICLES 12 14 Margherita Zanasi Fostering the People's Livelihood: Chinese Political Thought between Empire and Nation 16 James Flath Temple Fairs and the Republican State in North China 139 Zhiwei Xiao The Expulsion of American Films from China, 1949-1950 164 Paul B. Foster Jin Yong's Linghu Chong Faces off against Lu Xun's Ah Q: Complements to the Construction of National Character 182 ANNOUNCEMENTS 1118 Twentieth-Century China disclaims any responsibility or liability for statements of fact or opinion expressed by contributors. 2 EDITOR'S NOTE TWENTIETH-CENTURY CHINA Like other phenomena, journals have their histories. This issue ends one era and starts a new one in the history of Twentieth-Century China. As revealed on the masthead of the journal's volume 29: 2 (April 2004) issue, Stephen C. Averill and I shared the editorial duties of the journal for a brief transitional period; Steve tied up the loose ends while giving me a free hand to plan the journal's future with his help and the guidance of the editorial board. With this new volume and issue, I am pleased to begin a five-year term as chief editor. Twentieth-Century China originated in 1975 as a newsletter issued by Lloyd Eastman, one of the American pioneers of Republican Chinese history. Eastman was also the journal's founding editor, bringing out in 1983 the first issue of what was then called Republican China. Following Eastman's stewardship , the journal was edited by John Israel, R. Keith Schoppa, Herman Mast III, Roger B. Jeans, and, then, from 1992, by Steve Averill. In 1997, reflecting the growing trend among historians and historically oriented social scientists to emphasize the historical continuities in China's twentieth-century experience (rather than adher-ing to the somewhat artificial categories of "Republican" and "People 's Republic" history), Steve Averill persuaded the board to rename the journal Twentieth-Century China. In light of growing levels of international scholarly interest in twentieth-century China, the journal's expanded chronological coverage , and the continuing liberalization of archival and research access in both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China on Taiwan, there was every reason to believe that the journal would continue to draw an ever-wider and -deeper pool of submissions, a view that has been borne out since then. I would like to urge readers throughout the global community of modem Chinese scholarship to continue contributing to Twentieth-Century China through submission of your best-written, most insightful...