Attention has been increasingly paid to cyberliterature which is a newly developmental type of literature. The creation and development of Chinese and western cyberliterature manifest the distinctive cultural backgrounds. Comparison of the cultural backgrounds is conducted from the following three aspects: different traditional spirit and different realistic environments of Chinese and western cyberliterature and different impact of popular literature on Chinese and western cyberliterature. Through this paper people can understand the different cultural backgrounds of Chinese and western cyberliterature more comprehensively and profoundly.