Les salariés de la terre dans l'Antiquité tardive

C Freu - Antiquité Tardive, 2013 - brepolsonline.net
C Freu
Antiquité Tardive, 2013brepolsonline.net
Dominance (Oxford, 2001), insisted upon the importance of salaried people on late Antiquity
estates. This article provides additional information on this type of employment, comparing
law, papyri and texts. While the legal set ting indicates that the labour contract was one type
of employment on estates, other sources underscore the limited importance of salaried
workers, who were principally employed for a limited number of specific tasks: tending cattle;
in specialized agriculture such as viticulture; and on irrigation works. It does not appear that …
Dominance (Oxford, 2001), insisted upon the importance of salaried people on late Antiquity estates. This article provides additional information on this type of employment, comparing law, papyri and texts. While the legal set ting indicates that the labour contract was one type of employment on estates, other sources underscore the limited importance of salaried workers, who were principally employed for a limited number of specific tasks: tending cattle; in specialized agriculture such as viticulture; and on irrigation works. It does not appear that the majority of tenants on these estates were in fact wage earners.[Author]
Au iiie siècle après JC, en Égypte, le grand domaine du chevalier Appien, situé dans l’oasis du Fayoûm employait en assez grand nombre un personnel permanent et salarié, dont les conditions de travail et les rémunéra tions variaient en fonction du type de contrat liant chaque employé au propriétaire. Les employés permanents non qualifiés, dont le service représentait plus d’un tiers des tâches à effectuer sur le domaine, touchaient un salaire appelé opsônion; d’autres ouvriers, entre un et deux tiers de la main-d’œuvre, n’étaient employés qu’à titre temporaire et touchaient pour leur part le traditionnel misthos* 1. Ces archives sont un témoignage capital pour l’histoire agraire du me siècle: elles prouvent qu’il
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