Tl7i. s. vtric!, cxuntir~ nl child, purcrtr, und crolo~ irul predictors r! f Africurr Anlrri~ urr pnrrr~ t-chilcl conimrrnication. s rcprrrilin~ rucilrl ivsires. DN~(I 1~. er~,~ Ieri~, ed, fi~ rrr~ rrr~ ct~ rred irrferviena n'irlr 157/If,-iron Amcricnn pnrrnts with rhildretl 4 fu 14? ears ulcl. Three rontponer~ rs qf r (rciol sociulizufior~ 14, er-e esp1,~ red: rnzclrirrg obofrr Afrir-on Arnericurl rultrrre (C~ iltrrrul Socioli; nrior~), prepnrirll: rhil~ lrc,!~ jirr~~ xpo. iorer. s bvirh pr-ejrtllice (IJrrprrr (rtion, for Hius), orrd lrr11niorirr~ out-~ rorrp rrlisrrrist (IJrr~ rnorio, r of Misrr~ rsr). F irldin~.~ imiicnrcd tlruf Culrrrrul Soriolizuriorr wrrs~> r, tr~~. jr [qr~~ rrr//riot U. LI. S Prepurutiorrfor Hius, which wrrs, in nrrrl. rrlorr. frcqrrerl1 thrrrr l'rr~ moriorr r~ f Mistrir. st. Messrt~ es re~ arrlirr,~ Pr~~ rrtoriorr rflMisrrrr. sf urrd I'repirrrrrionfr, r Rio.~, btrr rtor Ctilrnml S~~ cirrlizafiorr. itrcr~~ u, se~ l wiflr chil~/rerr', r OR?, 1vit11 rnurked (l; fll. r~~~ rcc. sb [, t>~'crn p~ rfnt,~($4-m 8-):~~ or-oldr corrrpured to purrrrfs of 9-ro 14-yeor-ol11. s. 1) imensions/$ r~ cial. socialirurion nJere al, so us, sociared wirh pnrrrrrs' reporrs of rirre-related. sorinlieotiorr/Ire!; recriv~ d in tlieir, finrilies of'r~ riyirr. I: irrrrlls, pnrcnrs' pcrrrpriorr.~ qf rucilrl hius irt rhc u, orkl~ l (rce w~ re rr, s.~ oriofed wirlr rrrcial, sor. icrli; orior~, hrdr rcloriorrs were. sfro! rxer rmlon, yp (rrnrrs of 9-to 14-yerrr-o1d. s or rorr~ l~ nred ro pnrr, rrr. s of 4-rn S-or-old, s.

Sclihlars studying fanlily processes have attended increasingly tocultural variations in child socializittinn practices and in parents' values and goals in rearing their children. For example. H mod and colleagues' study of traits and behaviors endorsed by Puerto Rican and Arncrican lnolhers (fiuwood. Schoelrnerich, Ventura-Cook. Scht~ lxe. R. Wilson. 1996), Knipht and colleagues' study of cooperative irrientations among Mexican American children (Knight, Bernal, Gwza, Cola, & Ocampo, 1993). and Clii~ cis (1994. 199.5) studies of child training; lmong immigrant Cliinese k~ niilies have each highlighted ways in which ohserved piuenting practices areconsistent with cultural cnnccpts and with valued socialization outcomes. Undcrlvinn tliis line of research is the recornition that