This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the economic value of Mediterranean forests, including not just commonly measured benefits such as timber but also, more importantly, the public goods and externalities they provide. It consists of 25 chapters structured into 3 parts: part 1 provides an overview of the problem and of the approach followed, and summarizes the results; part 2 includes detailed national level case studies of 18 countries and territories bordering the Mediterranean Sea (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Albania, Croatia, Slovenia, Italy, France, Spain and Portugal); and part 3 highlights the institutional and policy implications that result from the valuation efforts of the country chapters. This book brings together forest valuations at the national level from 18 Mediterranean countries, based on extensive data collection by local experts, and uses a coherent analytical framework for collecting these valuations in a consistent way. Estimates are carried out from a per country and cross country perspective, and uses these results to propose policy recommendations to be undertaken locally within individual countries and across countries.