Males' share of total college enrollment has fallen steadily from 71% in 1947 to 43% in 2005, with 1978 being the last year that males held an advantage (see Figure 1 derived from data in Snyder, TD, Dillow, SA, and Hoffman, CM, 2008). Between 1980 and 2005, the number of males who were enrolled grew by 26% while the number of females enrolled grew by 62%(US Census Bureau, 2007). Several studies have explored the reasons for males falling behind their female counterparts in enrollment (eg Jacob 2002; Peter and Horn, 2005; Riegle-Crumb, no-date). Yet few have examined whether these gaps persist conditional on college enrollment, and if so, why. There is suggestive evidence that male college enrollees fall behind their female classmates. For example, 42% of bachelor's degrees went to men in 2005-06 despite males comprising 46% of freshmen in 2002 (Snyder, TD, Dillow, SA, and Hoffman, CM, 2008). This gap is surprising as prior studies have also found that male college enrollees have higher secondary school test scores than female enrollees. 1 [Figure 1 here] In this paper, we use administrative data on college enrollees in Florida and Texas to examine gender gaps in college outcomes, including credits earned, grade point averages, and graduation, and identify explanations for these gaps. We focus in particular on the role played by students' high school experiences (their choice of school, curriculum, and performance) and students' college experiences (their choice of school and curriculum).