Doing justice to someone: Sex reassignment and allegories of transsexuality

J Butler - glq: A Journal of lesbian and Gay Studies, 2001 - muse.jhu.edu
J Butler
glq: A Journal of lesbian and Gay Studies, 2001muse.jhu.edu
Iwould like to take my point of departure from a question of power, the power of regulation, a
power that determines, more or less, what we are, what we can be. I am not speaking of
power only in a juridical or positive sense, but I am referring to the workings of a certain
regulatory regime, one that informs the law, and one that also exceeds the law. When we
ask what the conditions of intelligibility are by which the human emerges, by which the
human is recognized, by which some subject becomes the subject of human love, we are …
Iwould like to take my point of departure from a question of power, the power of regulation, a power that determines, more or less, what we are, what we can be. I am not speaking of power only in a juridical or positive sense, but I am referring to the workings of a certain regulatory regime, one that informs the law, and one that also exceeds the law. When we ask what the conditions of intelligibility are by which the human emerges, by which the human is recognized, by which some subject becomes the subject of human love, we are asking about conditions of intelligibility composed of norms, of practices, that have become presuppositional, without which we cannot think the human at all. So I propose to broach the relationship between variable orders of intelligibility and the genesis and knowability of the human. And it is not just that there are laws that govern our intelligibility, but ways of knowing, modes of truth, that forcibly define intelligibility. This is what Foucault describes as the politics of truth, a politics that pertains to those relations of power that circumscribe in advance what will and will not count as truth, that order the world in certain regular and regulatable ways, and that we come to accept as the given field of knowledge. We can understand the salience of this point when we begin to ask: What counts as a person? What counts as a coherent gender? What qualifies as a citizen? Whose world is legitimated as real? Subjectively, we ask: Who can I become in such a world where the meanings and limits of the subject are set out in advance for me? By what norms am I constrained as I begin to ask what I may become? What happens when I begin to become that for which there is no place in the given regime of truth? This is what Foucault describes as “the desubjugation of the subject in the play of... the politics of truth.” 1
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