A course in generalized phrase structure grammar By Paul Bennett (review)

906 LANGUAGE, VOLUME 73, NUMBER 4 (1997) sketches up the development of the Indo-European ablaut (147). In morphology, B makes the following statements about substantival stems: The basic language had two stems only: o-stem and C-stem because the a-stem developed later and ended C [eH2]. The o-stem made a separate group with its own system of suffixes. B divides C-stem into two further types (hysterodynamic and proterodynamic) and discusses declination types in that framework (175). His ideas on the development of feminine and neuter adjectives deserve special attention (193). The chapter on conjugations , though, lacks important insights like those above. B's Indo-European linguistic introduction is a valuable , excellent work, useful for those interested in the results and the problems of modern Indo-European linguistics. Some of B's hypotheses may be disputable, but scholarship cannot exist without either hypotheses or disputes. [Imre Tóth, JozsefAttila University, Hungary.] Producing speech: Contemporary issues for Katherine Safford Harris. Ed. by Fredericka Bell-Berti and Lawrence J. Raphael. (AIP series in modern acoustics and signal processing, 4.) Woodbury, NY: AIP Press, 1995. Pp. xxi, 567. This festschrift for Katherine Harris is a collection of 34 papers by over 60 researchers in the field of speech production. As a whole, the volume is a survey of cuoent research in the field. In addition, a few of the chapters review ongoing issues in speech production. This book is thus useful for both the specialist and nonspecialist. The chapters discuss articulatory and acoustic data, data from adults and children, and data from normal and abnormal speech. 'Section 1: The segment' (3-165), contains eleven chapters examining the segmental organization of speech. Among others, papers by Sieb Noteboom and by Bell-Berti, Rena Krakow, Carole Gelfer, and Suzanne Boyce discuss effects of segmental lookahead and carryover. Catherine Browman and Louis Goldstein and Leigh Lisker examine positional effects on segment realization. Gary Weismer, Kristin Tjaden, and Ray Kent; Carole Gelfer and Sarita Eisenberg; and Michael McClean, Mary Cord, and Donna Levandowski discuss implications of abnormal speech on models of articulatory organization. 'Section 2: The source' (169-318), contains ten chapters on respiration and phonation during speech. Robert Porter, David Hogue, and Emily Tobey; R. J. Baken; and Ingo Titze examine the empirical adequacy of models of respiration and phonation. Dale Metz and Nicholas Schiavetti; Peter Alfonso ; Masayuki Sawashima, Kiyoshi Makiyama, and Naoko Shimazaki; and Christy Ludlow discuss respiration andphonation inpersons with abnormal production and audition. Kiyoshi Honda; Hajime Hirose; and Ronald Scherer, V. J. Vail, and B. Rockwell focus on the larynx, and examine laryngeal anatomy and measurement during speech production. 'Section 3: The utterance' (321-415) contains six chapters related to suprasegmental patterns in fluent and disfluent speech. Chapters by Angelien Sanderman and René Collier; Krakow, Bell-Berti, and Q. Emily Wang; and Carol Fowler examine acoustic and articulatory influence ofprosodie structure , including effects of both prosodie constituency and phrasal accent. Paula Square, Claude Chevrie -Muller, and Frances Freeman consider suprasegmental characteristics of three different types ofspeech disorder and find evidence for dissociations between organizational levels in these disorders. 'Section 4: Feedback' (417-65), contains three chapters on the role ofall types offeedback on speech production. Vincent Gracco proposes a new perspective on invariance, claiming articulatory instructions are invariant modulo contextual feedback information. Nancy McGarr and Melanie McNutt Campbell, and Emily Tobey examine the hypothesis that abnormal speech production in the hearing impaired is in fact normal speech production with a lack of feedback. 'Section 5: The segment (reprise)' (469-537) contains four chapters which discuss more theoretical issues in the segmental organization of speech. These chapters by Elliot Saltzman, Anders Löfqvist, Jeff Kinsella-Shaw, Bruce Kay, and Phillip Rubin; Richard McGowan; Betty Tuller and J. A. S. Kelso; and Kevin Munhall and J. A. Jones all focus on theories of the organization and parameterization of speech movements as a dynamical system . They are an appropriate closing to the volume as each of the chapters raises as many questions for investigation as it answers, providing new directions for future research. [Stefan Frisch, Indiana University .] A course in generalized phrase structure grammar. By Paul Bennett. London: UCL Press, 1995. Pp...