Project MUSE®: Enterprise & Society - Latest Articles
https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216
Project MUSE®: Latest articles in Enterprise & Society.daily12026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00text/htmlen-USVol. 4 (2003) through current issueLatest Articles: Enterprise & SocietyTWOProject MUSE®Enterprise & Society1467-22351467-2227Latest articles in Enterprise & Society. Feed provided by Project MUSE®Regulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984683
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[Erratum]
The labor market for haircutting in the United States changed significantly during the twentieth century. In the early twentieth century, men outnumbered women as barbers and hairdressers. The process started midcentury, but by 1980, that relationship was inverted. At the start of the century, there were 131,116 barbers and hairdressers. Of that total, 125,542 were men, while only 5,574 were women.1 The number of people cutting hair ballooned over the next eighty years. In 1980, the total reached 664,714. Of that total, male barbers and cosmetologists made up 196,399 while female barbers and cosmetologists made up 505,306. Notably, only 90,939 of the men cutting hair were barbers, meaning that the number
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallRegulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation2026-03-06text/htmlen-USRegulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1297462026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06The Other Container Revolution: How Businesses Influenced Environmental Politics and Thus the Recycling of Beverage Containers
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984684
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The distribution of goods, both locally and globally, is a fundamental aspect of contemporary everyday life that has changed profoundly during the last century, with significant environmental consequences. Packaging history is an important part of this change for retail organization and the environmental impact of consumption. Thus, single-use metal cans for beverages were central to early debates on waste, recycling, and limits to growth, and they were seen as both convenient for consumers and as a symbol of littering and disposable living. This paper explores what has been termed "the other container revolution"1 by examining the history of the Danish recycling system for beverage containers. It emphasizes how
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallThe Other Container Revolution: How Businesses Influenced Environmental Politics and Thus the Recycling of Beverage Containers2026-03-06text/htmlen-USThe Other Container Revolution: How Businesses Influenced Environmental Politics and Thus the Recycling of Beverage Containers2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®2067642026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06The False Start: British Electrification, 1880–1888
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984685
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As befits the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, British economic performance has long fascinated economic historians. Interest has naturally focused on why the Industrial Revolution was British in the first place, followed by extensive debate about how the country lost its leadership position in the late nineteenth century, why it experienced what many have described as an economic "malaise" or, more dramatically, a "climacteric."1 Recent revisions to Britain's national income accounts add more statistical weight to impressions of "malaise": The new data reveal "evidence of a long-term retardation in the UK productivity growth path beginning in the 1870s/1880s."2 Broad-brush approaches to understanding the
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallThe False Start: British Electrification, 1880–18882026-03-06text/htmlen-USThe False Start: British Electrification, 1880–18882026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1424722026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Emancipation and the Business of Compensation in the Cape Colony
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984686
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When the British Parliament abolished slavery, it made provision for the payment of £20 million compensation not to the formerly enslaved but to slave owners. In the last two decades, the role of slavery and compensated emancipation in all aspects of life in Britain has been deeply researched and brought to academic and public attention.1 The Legacies of British Slave-ownership project made significant strides in demonstrating the depth and breadth of slave ownership and slavery's commercial, cultural, historical, imperial, physical, and political legacies.2 This research has transformed the ways in which Victorian Britain is understood, now inseparable from slave ownership. Nick Draper's work showed how wide a
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallEmancipation and the Business of Compensation in the Cape Colony2026-03-06text/htmlen-USEmancipation and the Business of Compensation in the Cape Colony2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1340342026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Stavert, Zigomala & Co.: A Transnational History of the Anglo-Cuban Textile Trade During 1860s–1914
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984687
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The cotton goods market of Cuba naturally belongs to the United States [but] the largest single share of these imports, nearly one-half, comes from the United Kingdom, while the American mills supply less than one-sixth and are still behind the Spanish. […] A very popular fabric on this market [Cuba] is printed drill, the best-selling English brand being called "Dril Stavert." The Americans ship in blue drills and some colored [sic] drills but few printed drills. These drills have narrow black stripes down the length of the goods and are so well printed that unless examined, they are indistinguishable from striped drills made with dyed yarn.1In the above quote, an American commercial agent moaned over American
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallStavert, Zigomala & Co.: A Transnational History of the Anglo-Cuban Textile Trade During 1860s–19142026-03-06text/htmlen-USStavert, Zigomala & Co.: A Transnational History of the Anglo-Cuban Textile Trade During 1860s–19142026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®2457572026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Better than No Beer at All: Legal Roles for 3.2 Beer in the Post-Prohibition Era United States
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984688
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In late December, newspapers often review the key events and topics of the waning calendar year. A nationally syndicated New Year's Eve column offered views from New York City pundits with regard to an extremely momentous 1933. Predictably, the year's "least anticipated event" was income tax day. Also, no surprise, the "biggest hit" of the year was the repeal of Prohibition, which had occurred just a few weeks earlier on December 5. In a bit of an unusual category, however, the "shortest unmourned life" was awarded to 3.2 beer.1 "Three-two beer," sometimes called "three-point-two beer," refers to beer that is up to 3.2 percent alcohol by weight (ABW).When President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) took office on March
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallBetter than No Beer at All: Legal Roles for 3.2 Beer in the Post-Prohibition Era United States2026-03-06text/htmlen-USBetter than No Beer at All: Legal Roles for 3.2 Beer in the Post-Prohibition Era United States2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1353852026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Japanese Postwar Success: The Impact of Moral Re-Armament
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984689
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In November 1945, Japan's postwar production reached only 9 percent of its World War II levels, and "the bombed-out streets of Tokyo were a landscape of wayward veterans, orphaned children, and maimed civilians; of black markets, prostitutes, and drunk intellectuals."1 As Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP), one of the first tasks undertaken by U.S. General Douglas MacArthur entailed providing food to a country on the brink of starvation. Coal production failed to meet the needs of operating the railroads, let alone heating homes. Only 20 percent of the cotton textile plants remained functional, and almost none of the steel mills and shipyards functioned. To make matters worse, the population spiked as
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallJapanese Postwar Success: The Impact of Moral Re-Armament2026-03-06text/htmlen-USJapanese Postwar Success: The Impact of Moral Re-Armament2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1580092026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06The Origins of "Big Tobacco" Cigarette Manufacturing and the Prevalence of Smoking in Colonial Cyprus, 1920–1960
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984690
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In June 1969, Sydney Rothman, the Chairman of Rothmans of London Ltd., visited Cyprus and announced at a luncheon at the Hilton Hotel in Nicosia that Rothmans cigarettes would now be made at the factory of Garanis & Petrides, formerly the A.G. (or Taki) Patiki factory. This was the third major international cigarette manufacturer to make cigarettes in Cyprus in partnership with a local subsidiary company. In 1961, Carreras of London Ltd., a sister company of Rothmans after they had merged in 1958, had started to manufacture Carreras brands at the Taki Patiki factory.1 The moves by Carreras in 1961 and Rothmans in 1969 solidified their international partnership and ensured that popular cigarettes such as Craven A
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallThe Origins of "Big Tobacco" Cigarette Manufacturing and the Prevalence of Smoking in Colonial Cyprus, 1920–19602026-03-06text/htmlen-USThe Origins of "Big Tobacco" Cigarette Manufacturing and the Prevalence of Smoking in Colonial Cyprus, 1920–19602026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1740612026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Between State Control and Banking Power: Spanish Banking Supervision Under Franco (1940–1975)
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984691
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A key challenge in a historical supervision analysis is defining the relevant terms. The objectives of both financial regulation and supervision have evolved. Today, supervision refers to measures aimed at improving the safety and soundness of the banking sector. In the past, however, banking supervision in many countries had a broader mandate and endeavored to ensure banks' compliance with various measures related to economic policy. This research aims to determine which aspect of banking supervision sought to maintain the stability of the banking sector, which is the primary goal of current supervision. This article shows the changing interests that shaped supervision and its evolution in twentieth-century Spain.
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallBetween State Control and Banking Power: Spanish Banking Supervision Under Franco (1940–1975)2026-03-06text/htmlen-USBetween State Control and Banking Power: Spanish Banking Supervision Under Franco (1940–1975)2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1326052026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Global Capitalist Assemblages: A Historiographical Appraisal of Multinational Enterprise in the Global South
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984692
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In the wake of the Great Recession of 2007–2009, "capitalism" has reappeared as a central concept in academia. Initially, much of this resurging interest in capitalism—often labeled "the new history of capitalism" (or NHOC)—was driven by Americanists rethinking the history of capital in or around the United States,1 but gradually the concept has also become more central to the field of global history and to historians of the "Global South" more generally. As a part of a general return to the "economic" side of things,2 historians exploring the partly or wholly colonized continents of Asia, Africa, and Latin America are now tracing the emergence and transformations of globally interconnected capitalist markets of
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallGlobal Capitalist Assemblages: A Historiographical Appraisal of Multinational Enterprise in the Global South2026-03-06text/htmlen-USGlobal Capitalist Assemblages: A Historiographical Appraisal of Multinational Enterprise in the Global South2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1247992026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Under the Eagle's Wings: The Coca-Cola Company's Trademark Protection and Its Dilemmas in China (1930–1949)
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984693
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As China's commercial legal system evolved, the Coca-Cola Company (hereafter, Coca-Cola) gradually improved its legal mechanisms for trademark protection in the country. China's first trademark law, introduced in 1923, came slightly later than those in Britain and the United States.1 Coca-Cola registered its English trademark in China in 1925 and secured the Chinese-language mark "可口可樂" (pronounced Kekoukele) in 1928.2 In 1930, the company established its China office in the Shanghai International Settlement, tasked with safeguarding Coca-Cola's exclusive trademark rights in the Chinese market.3 Local bottling plants, by contrast, had no authority to intervene in trademark enforcement. This arrangement left
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallUnder the Eagle's Wings: The Coca-Cola Company's Trademark Protection and Its Dilemmas in China (1930–1949)2026-03-06text/htmlen-USUnder the Eagle's Wings: The Coca-Cola Company's Trademark Protection and Its Dilemmas in China (1930–1949)2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1309232026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Reinterpreting Medical Innovation: The Social Adoption of Automated Multiphasic Health Testing and Services in Japan, 1937–2023
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984694
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Japan holds a unique position in health care internationally. Although Japanese companies do not lead globally in the medical device industry, some specializing in small medical instruments demonstrate strong competitiveness.1 In contrast, American firms dominate the industry overall.2 Domestically, however, public satisfaction with the health care system in the United States remains relatively low.3 By comparison, Japan enjoys widespread recognition for its high-quality health care. This reputation has not only enhanced its credibility in Japan but also attracted medical tourists from other countries, particularly from neighboring Asian countries, which in turn has enhanced Japan's international prestige in health
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallReinterpreting Medical Innovation: The Social Adoption of Automated Multiphasic Health Testing and Services in Japan, 1937–20232026-03-06text/htmlen-USReinterpreting Medical Innovation: The Social Adoption of Automated Multiphasic Health Testing and Services in Japan, 1937–20232026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®1881022026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Roundtable Review
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984695
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In 2023, Princeton University Press published Richard Langlois's The Corporation and the Twentieth Century: The History of American Business Enterprise. It is a book of comparable mass to Alfred Chandler's 1977 The Visible Hand and equally ambitious.1 The erudition is vast. (The bibliography alone runs 78 closely-printed pages. There are 122 pages of equally closely-printed footnotes to the 522-page main text whose own font is not large.) A production such as this seemed worth more than the usual traditional-form reviews, and in the September following its publication, the Penn Economic History Forum put on a symposium to discuss it. Interest was widespread: attendance in the room was agreeably substantial and came
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallRoundtable Review2026-03-06text/htmlen-USRoundtable Review2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®907482026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06Erratum: Regulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation
https://muse.jhu.edu/article/984696
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/eso.2025.14, Published by Cambridge University Press, 28 April 2025.The publisher regrets that in the original publication of this article, part of the abstract was captured as the article main text. The abstract should in fact be:"Using Alabama as a case study of the beauty industry, this paper will demonstrate how licensing laws and regulations affected barbers and beauticians as they struggled to gain more clientele than their competitors. In the early twentieth century, white men dominated the market for cutting hair. Though the process started mid-century, by 1980, that relationship was inverted as women found themselves far outnumbering men. This research helps explain the
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Project MUSE®https://muse.jhu.edu/2026-05-17T00:00:00-05:00https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/216/image/coversmallErratum: Regulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation2026-03-06text/htmlen-USErratum: Regulating Beauty: The Licensing of Barbers and Beauticians in Alabama and the Nation2026-03-062026TWOProject MUSE®57202026-05-17T00:00:00-05:002026-03-06