NOVAIA PRILUKA
Pre-1941: Novaia Priluka, village, Turbov raion, Vinnitsa oblast’, Ukrainian SSR; 1941–1944: Nowaja Priluka, Rayon Turbow, Gebiet Winniza, Generalkommissariat Shitomir; post-1991: Nova Pryluka, Turbov raion, Vinnytsia oblast’, Ukraine
Novaia Priluka is located about 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) to the northeast of Vinnitsa. According to the 1939 population census, 1,247 Jews lived in the Turbov raion, which included Turbov itself. The majority of these Jews lived in the village of Novaia Priluka.
From the end of June until July 20, 1941, the date on which German armed forces occupied the village, part of the Jewish population was able to evacuate to the east. In addition, some Jewish men were conscripted into or enlisted voluntarily for the Red Army. Probably around 500 Jews remained in the village at the start of the occupation.
In July and August 1941, a German military administration controlled the village. The Germans appointed a village elder and recruited an auxiliary Ukrainian police force. In late October 1941, authority was passed to a German civil administration. From that time until the eventual liberation in March 1944, Novaia Priluka was located in Rayon Turbow, Gebiet Winniza, within Generalkommissariat Shitomir. Gemeinschaftsführer Halle became the Gebietskommissar, and Leutnant Baumgärtner was appointed in 1942 as Gendarmerie-Gebietsführer.1 By the summer of 1942, the local police force (Schutzmannschaft) in Turbov had reached the strength of 30 men.2
Shortly after the occupation of the village, the German military administration ordered the registration and marking of the Jewish population. Jews were required to wear white armbands bearing the Star of David and to perform various forms of heavy labor.
On July 31, 1941, German security forces carried out the first Aktion in Novaia Priluka, during which around 70 Jewish men were shot.3 In a second Aktion, another 110 Jews were shot.4 The Jewish women, children, and elderly people who remained alive were resettled into a ghetto. When the ghetto was liquidated on July 24–25, 1942, around 300 Jews were executed.5 It is likely that the shooting was carried out by the SD detachment from Vinnitsa, with the help of the German Gendarmerie and Ukrainian police.
SOURCES
A brief entry on the Jewish community of Novaia Priluka can be found in Shmuel Spector and Geoffrey Wigoder, eds., The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life before and during the Holocaust (Jerusalem: Yad Vashem; New York: New York University Press, 2001), p. 901.
Documents regarding the persecution and annihilation of the Jews of Novaia Priluka can be found in the following archives: DAVINO; DAZO; GARF (7021-54-1257); and USHMM.
NOTES
1. BA-BL, BDC, SSHO 2432, Organisationsplan der besetzten Ostgebiete nach dem Stand vom 10. März 1942, hg. vom Chef der Ordnungspolizei, Berlin, March 13, 1942.
2. DAZO, 1151-1-703, pp. 8–9, KdG Shitomir, Hauptmanschaft Winniza, order no. 15/42, July 11, 1942.
3. DAVINO, R4422-1-18, p. 38.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid. According to the materials of the Soviet Extraordinary State Commission (ChGK), 2,500 Jews were shot in Novaia Priluka in 1941. The author believes this figure is much too high. See also GARF, 7021-54-1257, p. 64.
