Contemporary Developments in Indonesian Islam: Explaining the "Conservative Turn"

List of Indonesian Muslim Organizations and Institutions

vii lIst of IndonesIan MuslIM organIzatIons and InstItutIons Aisyiah Muhammadiyah’s women’s association (named after the prophet Muhammad’s beloved wife, Aysha). Al Irsyad Muslim reformist association, exclusively active among Indonesia’s Arab community. Baitul Muslimin Indonesia (Indonesian House of Muslims) Muslim “wing” of the nationalist political party PDI-P, established in 2007 under the patronage of Megawati Sukarnoputri and leading personalities from Muhammadiyah and NU. Bakom-PKB Badan Komunikasi Penghayatan Kesatuan Bangsa (Contact Organ for Awareness of the Unity of the Nation), a body aiming at the integration of Indonesian Chinese into the Indonesian nation through conversion to Islam. Established in 1974 by the (Chinese Indonesian) economist Junus Jahja as the successor to a similar body (LPKB, Lembaga Pembina Kesatuan Bangsa) that he had established under the Old Order and that was dissolved in 1967. viii List of Indonesian Muslim Organizations and Institutions Bakor Pakem Badan Kordinasi Pengawasan Aliran Kepercayaan Masyarakat (Coordinating Body for the Surveillance of Spiritual Movements in Society), an official body (affiliated with the Attorney General’s office) charged with the surveillance of religious sects and movements. Unlike the MUI, which can only declare certain teachings and practices deviant and un-Islamic, Pakem can recommend banning them. BAZ Badan Amil Zakat (Office for Collecting the Alms Tax). BKPRMI Badan Kontak Pemuda dan Remaja Masjid Indonesia (Contact Organ of Indonesian Mosque Youth), a semiofficial association, with central offices in Jakarta’s Istiqlal mosque, the state mosque. BKSPP Badan Kerjasama Pondok Pesantren (Association for Cooperation between Pesantrens), a West Java-based association of ulama, mostly with former Masyumi affiliations. BMI (1) Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Indonesia’s first Islamic bank, opened by Soeharto in 1991. Considered as one of the first achievements of ICMI and an indication of the “Islamic turn” in the late New Order. BMI (2) Baitul Muslimin Indonesia, Muslim wing of PDI-P. Brigade Hizbullah Currently a militia affiliated with the Partai Bulan Bintang. In 1998 it was a large and broad coalition of militant youth groups, the major component of Pam Swakarsa. Darul Arqam (1) Lit. “The House of Arqam” (Arqam was one of the Prophet’s companions, in whose house the first Muslims used to gather). Religious movement of Sufi inspiration and strong millenarian beliefs, originally established in Malaysia and also active in Indonesia since the 1980s. Banned in Malaysia; declared a “deviant sect” by the MUI in Indonesia and formally dissolved in 1994. The Malaysian Darul Arqam used its extensive network to transform itself into a successful trading corporation, the Rufaqa’ Corporation. List of Indonesian Muslim Organizations and Institutions ix Darul Arqam (2) The same name is used for a religious training programme within Muhammadiyah and the staff and members cooperating in it. Hence several Muhammadiyah pesantrens have adopted this name. There is no connection with the above movement. Darul Islam The movement for establishing an Islamic state that controlled parts of West Java, South Sulawesi and Aceh until 1962 or 1963 and that has maintained an underground existence ever since. Also known as DI and NII/TII (q.v.). DDI Darud Dakwah wal Irsyad (House of Predication and Guidance), Muslim educational association, established by the Buginese scholar Haji Abd. Rahman Ambo Dalle (d.1996), whose school in Sengkang in South Sulawesi produced many graduates who became leading scholars, and spawned a network of secondary schools among Buginese communities all over Indonesia. DDII Dewan Dakwah Islamiyah Indonesia (Indonesian Council for Islamic Propagation), a body established by Mohamad Natsir and other former Masyumi leaders in 1967, with the aim of making Indonesian Muslims more Islamic. Depag Departemen Agama (Ministry of Religious Affairs). Recently renamed Kementerian Agama. DI see Darul Islam DKM Dewan Kesejahteraan Masjid (Mosque Welfare Council). Many mosques have a DKM that occupies itself with the social welfare of the mosque’s congregation (jamàah), e.g. in the form of a funeral fund. DMI Dewan Masjid Indonesia (Council of Indonesian Mosques), the umbrella organization of mosque committees. èLSAD Lembaga Studi Agama dan Demokrasi (Institute for the Study of Religion and Democracy), Surabaya-based NGO active among the NU constituency. x List of Indonesian Muslim Organizations and Institutions Fahmina Institute Cirebon-based NGO, active in the pesantren world and focusing on gender issues. Led by Kyai Haji Husein Muhammad. Fatayat NU Nahdlatul Ulama’s young women’s association. FKAWJ Forum Komunikasi Ahlussunnah Wal Jama’ah (Forum of Communication of the People of the Prophet’s Path and his Congregation), one...