Water Issues in Southeast Asia: Present Trends and Future Directions

Index

317 Index A Actiflo system in Malaysia, 171 ADB. See Asian Development Bank (ADB) agriculture growth rate in Indonesia, 116 surface water pollution in, 301 in Thailand, 266–67 water demand in, 105 water usage in, 13, 259 air pollution, 178 Amur River, 28, 46 water pollution in, 47–48 Aral Sea Basin, 65–68, 71–73 ASEAN, water quality in, 258 Asian Development Bank (ADB), 22–23, 38, 50, 174, 187, 194, 203n1 Asian financial crisis, privatization, 21, 77, 230, 232 Atienza, Lito, 189 Ayala Corporation, 225, 227, 228 B Badawi, Abdullah, 95 Bakrie, Aburizal, 94 Bali, irrigation water in, 106 Bang Giang River, 290 Bangkok, urban areas in, 265 Bang Pakong Dialogue, 278, 279–80 Bang Pakong River Basin, 275–78 Bang Pakong River Basin Committee (BP-RBC), 278, 281–82 Ba River, 290, 305 Basin Development Programme (BDP), 296 basin’s fishery resources, 275 Bedok project, 246 bidding participants, 224–27 procedure, 21, 212, 215, 221, 225 requirements, 224–25 BOD, 186, 194, 196 Bonn International Freshwater Conference, 79 BOO contracts. See build-operateown (BOO) contracts BOOT. See build-operate-owntransfer (BOOT) 318 Index BOT. See build-operate-transfer (BOT) BP-RBC. See Bang Pakong River Basin Committee (BP-RBC) Brahamaputra River, 49 Brunei Darussalam surface water in, 4 water resources in, 2 build-operate-own (BOO) contracts, 20, 89, 139, 216 build-operate-own-transfer (BOOT), 214 contracts, 216 build-operate-transfer (BOT) contracts, 20, 89, 139, 216 project, 150 bumiputra, Malaysia, 138, 142 C Cai Nha Trang River, 303, 304 Cai Phan Rang River, 303, 304 Cambodia freshwater usage in, 4 Mekong River Basin flows across, 287 tributaries of Mekong River flow to, 290 capacity-building programmes in Malaysia, 131, 132 in Thailand, 271, 280 capital expenditures (CAPEX), 137, 172n3 wrong planning on, 157–58 capitalism pure, 77 unbridled, 18, 77 Ca river basin, 289 Cau river basin, water quality in, 302 Central Asia, 43–46 damming rivers in, 36 environmental crisis, 43 geography of, 28 Lake Balkhash in, 28 central coastal plains, flood control measures in, 310–11 Central Java, floods and landslides in, 104 Central Vietnam estuary regions of, 303 floods in, 297 river basins of, 289 Chay River, Thac Ba on, 295 China climate change in, 32, 34 coal-fired plant in, 51 cultural force in, 27 damming rivers in, 36 dams construction in, 4, 10, 41, 42, 44 electricity in, 29, 41, 51 freshwater rivers in, 27, 35 hydropower plants in, 37, 49 irrigation systems in, 33, 48 Mekong River Basin flows across, 287 melting glaciers in, 31–34 population in, 35 power station in, 51 soil erosion in, 34 toxic spills in, 46 water conflict in, 9–11 Index 319 water crisis in, 35–36 water sharing systems in, 4 cholera, 185, 219 civilization, 56, 119 civil society groups, 231 and Pasig, 196–200 climate change in China, 32, 34 in Southeast Asia, 256, 257 in Vietnam, 293 coal-fired plant in China, 51 coastal Central Vietnam, estuaries of, 303 coastal line, Vietnam’s, 289 coastal plains, flood control measures in central, 310–11 coastal waters, coliform bacteria in, 183 community empowerment, dealing with environmental pollution, 201 community mobilization, 197 competitive bidding procedure, 21, 221, 225 Concession Agreement and privatization programme, 149, 166, 167 concessionaire Manila Water Company, 227–28 Maynilad Water Services Incorporated, 228–30 concessions method, PSP, 216 Construction cum Concession Agreement (CCOA), 149 consumer price index (CPI), 223 coordinated management of resources, 121 corporate agreement in Metro Manila, 216 cronyism, 88, 95 Czarist Russia, irrigated agriculture in, 66 D DAF System. See Dissolve Air Flotation (DAF) System Dai Estuary, 303 dams construction in China, 4, 10, 41, 42, 44 diversion, 276 in Indonesia, 103, 114 in Malaysia, 137, 167 Mekong River, 37 Da Nang estuary parts of, 303 solid waste from, 304 Da Nhim hydropower plant, 303 Da River Hoa Binh on, 295 Huong Quang on, 295 decentralization, 77 and environmental policy, 15–16 in Indonesia, 95 in Philippines, 179–82 Deep Tunnel Sewerage System (DTSS), 251–52 degradation, environmental, 22, 129, 176 democratization, 78 320 Index DENR. See Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Department of Environment (DOE), 124, 130, 168 Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), 176, 180, 181, 189, 207n50 estimated pollution sources, 185 Department of Irrigation and Drainage, 168 Department of Mineral and Geosciences, 168 Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), 189 Department of Water Resources (DWR), 16...