Expressing Islam: Religious Life and Politics in Indonesia

Glossary

xiii Glossary abangan Muslims term used in Java for nominal or less observant Muslims adab etiquette, comportment, behaviour Ahlus Sunnah wal-Jamaah ‘those who follow the tradition of the Prophet and the [consensus of the] community’; long-hand term for the majority Sunni branch within Islam, though some self-ascribed Sunni groups use the term in a narrow and exclusivist way akhlak ������������������������� morals, morality, ethics aliran ‘streams’ (���������������������������������� of society, politics and religion� ) amar ma’ruf nahi mungkar commanding good and preventing evil amir commander, leader aqidah articles of faith, religious belief, theology Asbindo Asosiasi BMT se-Indonesia (Association of Indonesian BMTs) Asbisindo Asosiasi Bank Syariah Indonesia (Association of Indonesian Islamic Banks) as-salaf as-saleh ������������������������������������������������� the ‘pious ancestors’; the first few generations of the Muslim community, who are seen as providing an exemplary model of proper Islamic thinking and behaviour aurat the parts of the body that must be kept covered in public under Islamic law Bapepam Badan Pelaksana Pasar Modal (Capital Market Supervisory Agency) Bappenas Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional (National Development Planning Agency) bid’ah heretical innovation BMT baitul maal wat tamwil (Islamic saving and loan cooperative) BPRS bank perkreditan rakyat syariah (Islamic rural bank) BRI Bank Rakyat Indonesia buda the pre-Islamic age of Java xiv   Expressing Islam: Religious Life and Politics in Indonesia BUMN Badan Usaha Milik Negara (state-owned enterprise) bupati district head CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women cultuurstelsel cultivation system dai preacher, agent of the call to faith dakwah ���������������������������������������������� ‘call’, ‘invitation’, ‘challenge’; preaching, predication, Islamic outreach dakwah bil-lisan ‘dakwah with the tongue’; oratory, preaching dangdut a genre of popular music derived from Arabic, Indian and Malay folk music and now incorporating modern musical influences Darul Islam Abode of Islam; place where Islamic law and teachings are upheld; in Indonesia it is also the name of an Islamic-state movement that rose up in rebellion against the central government (1948– 62) – it remains active in a largely non-violent form DDII Dewan Da’wah Islamiyah Indonesia (Indonesian Islamic Propagation Council) desa Muslim Muslim village dlarurat necessary DPA Dewan Pertimbangan Agung (Supreme Advisory Council) DPD Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (Council of Regional Representatives) DPR Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (People’s Representative Council, the national parliament) DPRD Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (regional assembly) DSN ���������������������������������������� Dewan Syariah Nasiona������������������� l (National Sharia Council) ECFR European Council for Fatwa and Research ekonomi syariah Islamic economics ESQ Emotional–Spiritual Quotient fardu ‘ain a category of religious duty which must be performed by every Muslim Fatayat NU the young women’s wing of NU fatwa ruling on a point of law or dogma given by a scholar who has the authority to issue such rulings FBR Forum Betawi Rempug (Betawi Brotherhood Forum) FES Forum Ekonomi Syariah (Sharia Economic Forum) fikir see pikir fiqh the formal rules of classical law, prescriptions, Islamic jurisprudence Glossary   xv FK3 Forum Kajian Kitab Kuning (Forum for the Study of Kitab Kuning) Forkabi Forum Komunikasi Anak Betawi (Betawi Communication Forum) FPI Front Pembela Islam (Islamic Defenders Front) FPIS Front Pemuda Islam Surakarta (Surakarta Islamic Youth Front) FPJPS fasilitas pembiayaan jangka pendek bank syariah (����������������������������������������������� short-term financing facility for sharia banks) gamelan ��������������������������������������������� a Javanese musical ensemble employing mainly gong-chimes gardu command post GBHN Garis Besar Haluan Negara (Broad Outlines of State Policy) gharar contractual ambiguity GJDJ Gerakan Jamaah & Dakwah Jamaah (The Community Movement and Community Dakwah) GKBI Gerakan Ketahanan Betawi Indonesia (Betawi Defence Movement of Indonesia) Golkar ������������������������������������������������ orig. Golongan Karya���������������������������� ; the state political party during the New Order, and one of the major postNew Order parties GSI Gerakan Santri Indonesia (Indonesian Santri Movement) H. Haji, haji; title for someone who has completed the hajj Hadith ������������������������������������������������ report or account of the words and deeds of the Prophet Muhammad transmitted through a chain of narrators; Hadith are a basic source of Islamic law hajj the annual pilgrimage to Mecca halal ‘permitted’ (under Islamic law) haram ‘prohibited’ (under Islamic law) Hizbut Tahrir Liberation Party; founded in Jerusalem in 1953 with the central aim of reviving the caliphate; the Indonesian branch was active from 1982 HMI Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam (Islamic Tertiary Students Association) HTI Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (Indonesian Liberation Party); the Indonesian chapter of Hizbut Tahrir IAIN ������������������������������������������� Institut Agama Islam Negeri���������������� (State Islamic Institute) ibadah religious observance, worship, ����������� prescribed religious rituals and duties ICMI Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim Indonesia (Indonesian Association of Muslim Intellectuals) IDT Inpres Desa Tertinggal (Neglected Villages Program); a special presidential program for...