Malaysia: The Making of a Nation

Index

Index • 257© 2002 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore 257 Index A Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia (ABIM), 161, 168, 206, 213–214 Anti-Corruption Agency (ACA), 62, 130, 148 Anwar Ibrahim issue, 196–198, 224–226 Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), 95 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), 75, 95, 150–151, 223–224 authoritarian rule, Mahathir’s administration, 216–219 B Baling talks, 31–33 Bangsa Malaysia, 65–67, 70, 233, 240 Barisan Jemaah Islamiah Se-Malaysia (Berjasa), 179 Barisan Nasional (BN), 58–59, 61–63, 66, 68, 71, 145–148, 153–154, 160, 162–166, 171–172, 178–180, 187, 193–195, 203–204, 207 formation (1972–74), 145–148 Berjaya, 154, 170–171, 177 Borneo territories, see Sabah and Sarawak bumiputra rights, see Malay dominance and Malay political primacy C Chinese Association Election Appeals Committee (SUQIU), 66–71 coalition government, see Barisan Nasional and UMNO-MCA-MIC alliance communalism, 52–53 communist insurrection, 22–23, 80–81, 152 Communist Party of Malaysia (CPM), 22–23, 31–33, 151–152, 160 communities liaison committee, 24–26 contesting nationalisms, 49–72 D Datuk Harun Idris, 148–149 decolonization, 1–2, 29–36 258 • Malaysia: The Making of a Nation© 2002 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore Democratic Action Party (DAP), 54, 69, 71, 103, 105, 132, 135–136, 138–139, 146, 163, 180, 188, 191, 195, 198, 203, 207, 214, 234 development plans, 36, 83–84, see also New Economic Policy and National Development Policy E East Malaysia politics, see Sabah and Sarawak economic crisis (1997–98), 189, 226–228 economic integration Tun Abdul Razak’s administration, 121–155 economic policies, 83–85, 177–178 education, 34–36, 86–90 Federation of Malaya Certificate of Education (FMCE), 87, 89 Lower Certificate of Education (LCE), 87–89 employment, 85–86 F federal citizenship, 5, 19–20, 23, 28–29 Federal Land Redevelopment Authority (FLDA/FELDA), 83–84, 123 federalism, 169–172 Federation of Malaya, 4–5, 15–22 Federated Malay States (FMS), 14–15 Unfederated Malay States (UMS), 14 Federation of Malaya Agreement, 3, 17–19, 21, 23, 29, 36 foreign policies Mahathir’s administration, 214–215 Tun Abdul Razak’s administration, 150–151 G general elections 1959, 90–92 1969, 105 1974, 148 1978, 180 1982, 203 1986, 203 1990, 203, 220 1995, 203 1999, 187, 194–195, 204 Gerakan, 69–70, 105, 132, 135, 146–147, 162–163, 214 Index • 259© 2002 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore H Hussein Onn’s administration (1976–-1981), 159–181 Barisan Nasional coalition, 162–167 East Malaysian politics, 169–172 economic policies, 177–178 “father of solidarity”, 159 federalism, 169–172 general elections 1978, 180 Islamic fundamentalism, 166–169 Kelantan crisis, 178–180 UMNO politics, 162–167, 172–177 UMNO-PAS split, 178–180 I independence, see decolonization Independence of Malaya Party (IMP), 4, 25, 27–29 Industrial Co-ordination Act (ICA), 164–165, 177–178, 201 Internal Security Act (ISA), 126, 161, 176, 188, 201, 215–216, 219, 228 international forums, Mahathir’s speeches, 222–223 Islamic fundamentalism, 166–169 Islamic state, 240 Mahathir’s administration, 212–215 J judiciary, restraint of, 217–218 K Kelantan crisis, 178–180 M Mahathir Mohamad’s administration (1981–2001), 185–228 Anwar challenge, 196–198, 224–226 authoritarian image, 199–201 authoritarian phase (1987–2000), 216–219 “Buy British Last” policy, 207 changing policies, 204–205 contest with Malay rulers, 208–209, 221–222 disillusionment with Malays, 186 economic crisis (1997–98), 189, 226–228 “father of modernization”, 189 260 • Malaysia: The Making of a Nation© 2002 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore fighting Islamic fundamentalism, 212–215 foreign policy, 214–215 liberal phase (1981–87), 205–208 “Look East” policy, 210–211 Mahathirism, 201–204 nation building in the 1990s, 220–222 national car, 211 restraint of judiciary, 217–218 speeches at international forums, 222–223 Vision 2020, 65–72, 134, 193, 203–204, 220, 234, 240 Malay dominance, 1–39, 233–240 Tun Abdul Razak’s administration, 121–155 Malay nation-state first, 15–22 new, 2–6 Malay nationalism, 1–39, 49–72, 233–240 Mahathir’s administration, 185–228 Tunku Abdul Rahman’s administration, 78–82 Malay political primacy, 2, 49–72, 126–129 Malay rulers, 15–18 contest with Mahathir’s administration, 208–209, 221–222 Malayan nationalism, 8–13, see also Malayan nationality Malayan nationality, 7–9 Malayan Party, 90 Malayan Union, 1–2, 7...